2 Oracles and Caves (2024)

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Yulia Ustinova

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53–155

  • Published:

    January 2009

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Ustinova, Yulia, '2 Oracles and Caves', Caves and the Ancient Greek Mind: Descending Underground in the Search for Ultimate Truth (Oxford, 2009; online edn, Oxford Academic, 1 Jan. 2009), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199548569.003.0003, accessed 11 June 2024.

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Abstract

This chapter discusses oracles focused on caves and subterranean chambers, such as the prophetic caves belonging to Pan and the Nymphs, oracles of the dead (at Taenarum, Heracleia Pontica, and elsewhere), the caverns in the valley of Meander (Hierapolis and Acharaca), oracular cults of immortal subterranean daimons (Trophonius, Amphiaraus, Zalmoxis, Rhesus, and Orpheus), and several ancient and important oracular shrines of Apollo (Ptoion, Claros, and most notably, Delphi). The main reasons for location of oracles in caves are sensory deprivation or inhalation of poisonous gases that induced altered states of consciousness required for inspired divination. It is also argued that cave experiences of ordinary Greeks were quite widespread. Prophetic priests, members of sacred embassies, private consultants who applied to various oracles for advice, and individuals who personally experienced in caves altered states of consciousness—all these people knew that descent into caves brought about noetic sensations.

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2 Oracles and Caves (2024)

FAQs

What are the names of the three oracles? ›

In classical antiquity
  • Pythia at Delphi.
  • Sibyl at Cumae.
  • Oracle at Didyma.
  • Oracle at Dodona.
  • Oracle at Abae.
  • Other oracles.

What are oracles in ancient Greece? ›

oracle, (Latin oraculum from orare, “to pray,” or “to speak”), divine communication delivered in response to a petitioner's request; also, the seat of prophecy itself. Oracles were a branch of divination but differed from the casual pronouncements of augurs by being associated with a definite person or place.

What does oracle mean in the Odyssey? ›

Answer and Explanation: An oracle is a gateway to divine knowledge, either a person endowed with this power or some supernatural entity. In The Odyssey, Telemus is a visionary prophet on the island of the Cyclops. He predicts that Odysseus will cause Polyphemus to lose his sight.

What are caves in Greek mythology? ›

Caves were sacred to the Nymphs, youthful and mischievous residents of water‐springs, rivers, mountains, and groves. Pan, the god of wild nature, dwelt in caves, and was often worshipped in conjunction with the Nymphs.

What are the oracles in the Bible? ›

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Oracle

or'-a-k'-l: (1) A divine utterance delivered to man, usually in answer to a request for guidance. So in 2 Samuel 16:23 for dabhar ("word," as in the Revised Version margin).

What are the living oracles in the Bible? ›

These “oracles” are living words precisely because they do come from God. They include not only the Ten Commandments but all the Holy Scriptures. The word “lively” is the Greek zao, occurring over 140 times and translated variously (depending on context) as “alive,” “live,” “living,” “quick,” etc.

What are the most famous Greek oracles? ›

The most famous ancient oracle was that of Apollo at Delphi, located on the slopes of Mt. Parnassus above the Corinthian Gulf. Traditionally, the oracle first belonged to Mother Earth (Gaea) but later was either given to or stolen by Apollo.

What are the 4 oracles? ›

There were a great many such places in all Greek countries, and these may be divided, according to the method in which the prophecy was made known, into four main divisions: (1) oral oracles, (2) oracles by signs, (3) oracles by dreams, and (4) oracles of the dead.

What is a female oracle called? ›

Throughout the ancient Mediterranean world, there were several prophetic women called Sibyls who were associated with religious centers. The Sibyl of Dodona, was dated to the second millennium BC by Herodotus.

What does oracle mean spiritually? ›

a divine communication or revelation. any person or thing serving as an agency of divine communication. any utterance made or received as authoritative, extremely wise, or infallible. oracles, the Scriptures.

What was Hades' curse of the Oracle? ›

Description. The curse traps the spirit of the Oracle of Delphi in the body of the mortal host that it had at the time that the curse was placed. As a result, when the host eventually dies, the curse leaves the Oracle trapped in the form of a mummy that only briefly animates to give prophecies.

What is the Greek myth of the cave? ›

In ancient Greek mythology, a musician, poet, and prophet named Orpheus, son of the god Apollo, descended through the cave into the subterranean kingdom of Hades in search of his beloved, Eurydice. There are many versions of this legend and none of them have happy endings.

What is the myth of the seven caves? ›

Chicomoztoc in Mexica Mythology

In the stories of the Nahuatl-speaking people, Chicomoztoc was defined by its seven caves, each holding one of seven groups of the Nahua people. As Chicomoztoc played into the creation myths of a number of Nahua cultures, the names of the actual seven groups vary.

Why are caves sacred? ›

Today, dark caves are recognized as ritual or symbolic spaces that are salient features in myth, cosmologies, beliefs, and world views. They are often used as ritual venues because of their powerful associations with the earth itself and with indwelling deities.

Who were the three oracles with one eye? ›

The Graeae, sometimes called the Grey Sisters, are characters from Greek mythology. They are a trio of hags, called Deino, Enyo and Pemphredo. They are called the Grey Sisters because they were born with grey skin and hair. They also share one tooth and one eye.

Who was the most famous oracle? ›

Delphic oracle, most famous ancient oracle, believed to deliver prophecies from the Greek god Apollo. She was based in his temple at Delphi, located on the slopes of Mt. Parnassus above the Corinthian Gulf.

How many oracles are there? ›

The Oracles are beings and places that can give prophecies in Greek mythology. Four of them are associated with the god Apollo. There are five of them.

What are the oracles in Jeremiah? ›

A substantial portion of the book of Jeremiah consists of the Oracles against the Nations (OAN), a common prophetic genre of threats and predictions of violence directed at foreign nations.

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