What Is an Actively Managed ETF?
An actively managed ETF is an exchange-traded fund with a manager or team making decisions on the underlying investments in the fund. Often, an actively managed ETF tracks a benchmark index, but managers may change sector allocations, market-time trades, or deviate from the index as they see fit to try and meet the fund's objectives.
Key Takeaways
- An actively managed ETF is an exchange-traded fund with a manager or team making decisions about the holdings.
- Generally, an actively managed ETF does not adhere to any passive investment strategy.
- Many actively managed ETFs track a benchmark index, but managers may deviate from it as they see fit.
- Advantages to actively managed ETFs include lower expense ratios than mutual funds and the participation of seasoned financial professionals.
- Many actively managed ETFs have higher expense ratios than passively-managed index ETFs, which puts pressure on fund managers to consistently outperform the market.
How an Actively Managed ETF Works
An actively managed ETF features many of the same benefits of a passively managed exchange-traded fund, like price transparency, liquidity, and tax efficiency, but with a fund manager that can adapt the fund to changing market conditions. The combination of active management and an ETF provides investors with an innovative solution to asset management.
For investors, there is enough to like about actively managed ETFs, such as lower expense ratios than mutual funds and the active participation of seasoned financial professionals. Because these funds only employ highly experienced and proven managers, there is a possibility of gaining benchmark-beating returns.
There are no guarantees thatan actively managed fund will underperform or outperform a passive ETF rival, even with the skills of the managers. Traditional ETFs can at least be counted on to follow an indexfaithfully, which allows investors to knowthe holdings and risk profile of the fund. This helps keep a diversified portfolio in line with expectations.
Fund managers of an active ETF, however, have the freedom to trade outside of abenchmark index, which makes it more difficult for investors to anticipate the future makeup of the portfolio. This can work for investorswhen market conditions experience heavy volatility. An active manager can shift allocationsaway from underperforming positions to more appropriate sectors or asset classes.
In 2018, asset management giant Vanguard rolled out a catalog of actively managed ETFs. The move was a sharp departure from the index-based strategy championed by founder John Bogle for multiple decades.Many of these funds have become popular investment avenues.
Limitations of an Actively Managed ETF
Although actively managed ETFsshare many characteristics ofpassive exchange-traded funds, they tend to come at a premium. Many have higher expense ratios than passive index ETFs, which puts pressure on fund managers to work hard to outperform or beat the market.
As with an actively managed mutual fund, the potential to outperform comes down to the manager's abilities. Some will regularly beat expectations, but most research finds active management to underperform a passive strategy.
Furthermore, actively managed ETFstend to contradict basic investment principles like diversification. The typical fund manager shifts allocations according to market conditions, meaning the fund may be less diversified than a passive ETF.
What Is an Actively Managed ETF?
Actively managed ETFs are not based on an index, instead seeking to achieve a chosen investment objective by investing in a portfolio of bonds, stocks, and other assets. With this type of investment, an advisor may actively buy or sell components in the portfolio regularly without regard to conformity with an index.
What Is the Most Active ETF Sector?
Actively managed ETFs are a popular investment for many investors, with funds flowing constantly in and out of them. According to Fidelity, the most active ETF sector for inflows in 2023 was technology, while healthcare was the most active for outflows.
Is an Actively Managed ETF the Same as a Mutual Fund?
Mutual funds and ETFs are similar in that they both pool funds and assets together and can be actively or passively managed, but that is where the similarities end. The most significant difference is when they can be traded—mutual funds can only be traded after market hours, while ETFs trade throughout the day.
The Bottom Line
Actively managed ETFs are investment vehicles that pool funds and hold a basket of assets while focusing on a specific strategy, such as ETFs that hold covered calls. When an asset fails to meet performance goals, the managers swap it for another, better-performing asset to ensure the fund maintains its returns.
Fees are generally higher in actively managed ETFs because of the activity involved, but this doesn't mean they're not appropriate for an investor's goals. If the fund's performance outweighs the fees, it might be an attractive opportunity for someone who can afford it or doesn't mind paying more for better performance. Conversely, the higher fees can eat into returns, so investors who can't afford them or don't want to pay more should avoid them.
