Aging & Financial Decline: Early Warning Signs (2024)

There are a number of reasons why financial decision-making skills may decline, but older adults are more likely to struggle with managing money and are more susceptible to poor investment decisions. This is often a result of cognitive decline due to age or illness. Older adults are also more vulnerable to fraud or elder financial abuse, often by relatives.

According to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, older adults are particularly vulnerable to tactics of scam artists who are “nice” or attempt to develop a false bond of friendship. Scam artists prey on older adults who are polite to others and have difficulty saying “no” or feel indebted to someone who has provided unsolicited financial and investment advice.

Despite years of accumulated knowledge and experience, it is likely that at some point financial capability will diminish with age, making it more difficult to competently handle money-related matters.

According to the National Endowment for Financial Education knowing how to identify the warning signs of financial decline can help friends, family, caretakers, clinicians and other engaged professionals — as well as the aging individuals themselves — be proactive instead of reactive about financial skill declines in everyday life and throughout the lifelong financial planning process. The following checklist from the study Early Warning Signs of Impaired Financial Skills in Older Adults can help identify early declines before diminished financial decision making or exploitation occurs.

Toggle Alternative Text

Aging & Financial Decline: Early Warning Signs (1)

EARLY WARNING SIGNS:

Impact of Aging on Financial Decision Making

It’s inevitable that an average person will see a change in their ability to make financial decisions as they age. While there are varying degrees of cognitive decline for each individual, the key is to be prepared. Knowing how to identify early warning signs* can help friends, family and caretakers be proactive instead of reactive in the planning process.

WARNING SIGN #1: Taking Longer to Complete Financial Tasks

EXAMPLES OF INCREASED SLOWNESS:

  • Preparing bills for mailing
  • Completing check and check register
  • Filing income taxes

WARNING SIGN #2: Missing Key Details in Financial Documents

EXAMPLES OF DIFFICULTY WITH REDUCED ATTENTION:

  • Identifying a bill that is overdue and needs prompt attention
  • Scanning/finding details in complex documents like a bank statement
  • Completing sections of a check register

WARNING SIGN #3: Experiencing Difficulty with Everyday Math

EXAMPLES OF DIFFICULTY WITH DECLINING MATH SKILLS:

  • Determining a return on an investment
  • Calculating a medical deductible
  • Doing two related calculations at same time, especially making change
  • Figuring a tip in a restaurant

WARNING SIGN #4: Showing Decreased Understanding of Financial Concepts

EXAMPLES OF DIFFICULTY WITH UNDERSTANDING:

  • Health care concepts like medical deductible
  • Terms in a bank statement like interest rate and minimum balance

WARNING SIGN #5: Identifying Risks in Investment Opportunities

EXAMPLES OF NEW DIFFICULTY:

  • Identifying a key risk in an investment purchase
  • Emphasizing benefits/return and minimizing risks

The full report, available at www.nefe.org/_images/research/Early-Warning-Signs-Impaired-Financial-Skills/Early-Warning-Signs-Impaired-Financial-Skills-Executive-Summary.pdf
, documents research funded by the National Endowment for Financial Education® (NEFE®) to identify very early financial skill declines in cognitively normal older adults through analyses of a unique longitudinal dataset funded by the National Institute of Aging of the National Institutes of Health.

Aging & Financial Decline: Early Warning Signs (2024)

FAQs

Aging & Financial Decline: Early Warning Signs? ›

Forgetfulness and memory lapses related to finances, such as mismanagement of accounts, forgetting to open and pay bills, paying bills twice, or forgetting to deposit checks, leading to late payments or other problems.

What are the financial signs of early dementia? ›

People who developed dementia were more likely to have had late bill payments. This began six years before being diagnosed. They were also more likely to have their credit scores drop below 620 (called “subprime”). This started two and a half years before getting their diagnosis.

How does aging affect financial decision making? ›

There are a number of reasons why financial decision-making skills may decline, but older adults are more likely to struggle with managing money and are more susceptible to poor investment decisions. This is often a result of cognitive decline due to age or illness.

What are the financial problems for seniors? ›

Over the years, many people accumulate debt—credit cards, mortgages, home renovation bills, and other expenses—and carry the unpaid debt into their senior years. For older adults with reduced incomes and limited financial assistance from family and friends, debt could cause a great deal of stress.

What is the age to make financial decisions? ›

That correlates with other studies that have found age 53 to be the age "when adults make the fewest financial mistakes, related to things like credit card use, interest rates, and fees." That's not to say you can't make prudent financial choices in your 20s or your 60s.

What is the number one predictor of dementia? ›

Age. The greatest known risk factor for Alzheimer's and other dementias is increasing age, but these disorders are not a normal part of aging. While age increases risk, it is not a direct cause of Alzheimer's.

What is typically the most obvious early symptom of dementia? ›

Memory problems

Difficulties with memory are the most well-known first signs of dementia.

What are 3 factors that may influence your ability to make financial decisions? ›

Personal circ*mstances that influence financial thinking include family structure, health, career choice, and age. Family structure and health affect income needs and risk tolerance. Career choice affects income and wealth or asset accumulation.

Why do older people have trouble making decisions? ›

Certain regions of the brain deteriorate more with age than others, and thus the way that people make decisions may change as processes that rely on certain brain structures become less effective. In particular, aging tends to affect the frontal areas more than other regions of the brain.

What 4 factors may influence financial decisions? ›

Several things can influence your financial decisions. Some of the most common factors that influence financial decisions include age, marital status, employment status, and the number of household members. Certain factors influence financial decisions more than others.

What are 5 signs of financial abuse of the elderly? ›

Bianca Krueger, senior manager, Professional Development at RBC Royal Trust, points to five common signs that abuse could be happening.
  • Missing valuables. ...
  • Unusual banking activity. ...
  • Sudden new companion. ...
  • Unexplained property and large purchases. ...
  • Unexplained changes to Will or power of attorney. ...
  • How to guard against abuse.

What is the biggest concern for seniors? ›

Top 10 Issues Facing Seniors
  • #1 Rising Healthcare Costs. As we age, we require more frequent visits to our doctors. ...
  • #2 Diseases. ...
  • #3 Physical Aging. ...
  • #4 Activities of Daily Living. ...
  • #5 Financial Security. ...
  • #6 Loneliness. ...
  • #7 Financial Predators. ...
  • #8 Abuse and Neglect.

What are three examples of financial crisis that a person might face? ›

Common examples of a financial crisis include financial market crashes – either widespread or within specific industries – housing market crashes and bank runs. A bank run happens when large numbers of bank depositors panic and seek to withdraw, all at once, all their funds on deposit with their bank.

What are the most difficult years financially? ›

Your 40s represent the busiest decade of your life, filled with challenges, opportunities, and financial decisions that can affect you and your family for years to come.

Where should you be financially by age? ›

By age 35, aim to save one to one-and-a-half times your current salary for retirement. By age 50, that goal is three-and-a-half to six times your salary. By age 60, your retirement savings goal may be six to 11-times your salary.

What age do most people become financially free? ›

That said, the typical age of financial independence should be between 20-23 years old, according to a Bankrate survey. Break the numbers down by cost category, and differences of opinion can be pretty wide.

What is the most common early symptom of dementia? ›

Common early symptoms of dementia

memory loss. difficulty concentrating. finding it hard to carry out familiar daily tasks, such as getting confused over the correct change when shopping. struggling to follow a conversation or find the right word.

How can financial behaviour reveal early signs of cognitive decline? ›

Recent research from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and Georgetown University suggests that memory disorders such as dementia show up in credit scores and payment delinquencies years before diagnosis.

How do you check for early onset dementia? ›

The assessment process
  1. taking a full history of the person's symptoms, any changes they've experienced and the impact of these on day-to-day activities.
  2. tests of a person's mental abilities, behaviour and ability to do daily tasks.
  3. a full physical exam.
  4. at least one brain scan (often with more specialist scans)

How does younger onset dementia affect the financial system? ›

It can be difficult to manage your finances, especially if your income suddenly drops. In addition, dementia sometimes changes the way people behave with money – for example, they may gamble, spend impulsively, purchase items that are not needed or become vulnerable to scams.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Tyson Zemlak

Last Updated:

Views: 5882

Rating: 4.2 / 5 (43 voted)

Reviews: 90% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Tyson Zemlak

Birthday: 1992-03-17

Address: Apt. 662 96191 Quigley Dam, Kubview, MA 42013

Phone: +441678032891

Job: Community-Services Orchestrator

Hobby: Coffee roasting, Calligraphy, Metalworking, Fashion, Vehicle restoration, Shopping, Photography

Introduction: My name is Tyson Zemlak, I am a excited, light, sparkling, super, open, fair, magnificent person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.