Contents
- 1 English
- 1.1 Noun
- 1.1.1 Derived terms
- 1.2 Anagrams
- 1.1 Noun
- 2 Asturian
- 2.1 Etymology
- 2.2 Pronunciation
- 2.3 Noun
- 3 Basque
- 3.1 Etymology
- 3.2 Pronunciation
- 3.3 Noun
- 3.3.1 Declension
- 3.4 Further reading
- 4 Catalan
- 4.1 Etymology
- 4.2 Pronunciation
- 4.3 Noun
- 4.3.1 Derived terms
- 4.3.2 Related terms
- 4.4 Further reading
- 5 French
- 5.1 Pronunciation
- 5.2 Etymology 1
- 5.2.1 Noun
- 5.2.1.1 Derived terms
- 5.2.1.2 Related terms
- 5.2.1 Noun
- 5.3 Etymology 2
- 5.3.1 Noun
- 5.3.2 Verb
- 5.4 Further reading
- 5.5 Anagrams
- 6 Galician
- 6.1 Alternative forms
- 6.2 Etymology
- 6.3 Pronunciation
- 6.4 Noun
- 6.4.1 Derived terms
- 6.5 References
- 7 Irish
- 7.1 Pronunciation
- 7.2 Etymology 1
- 7.2.1 Noun
- 7.2.1.1 Declension
- 7.2.1.2 Derived terms
- 7.2.1 Noun
- 7.3 Etymology 2
- 7.3.1 Noun
- 7.3.1.1 Declension
- 7.3.1.2 Derived terms
- 7.3.2 Noun
- 7.3.2.1 Declension
- 7.3.2.2 Derived terms
- 7.3.1 Noun
- 7.4 Mutation
- 7.5 References
- 7.6 Further reading
- 8 Italian
- 8.1 Etymology 1
- 8.1.1 Pronunciation
- 8.1.2 Noun
- 8.2 Etymology 2
- 8.2.1 Pronunciation
- 8.2.2 Noun
- 8.3 Anagrams
- 8.1 Etymology 1
- 9 Ladino
- 9.1 Etymology
- 9.2 Noun
- 10 Middle English
- 10.1 Alternative forms
- 10.2 Etymology
- 10.3 Pronunciation
- 10.4 Noun
- 10.4.1 Descendants
- 10.4.2 References
- 11 Occitan
- 11.1 Alternative forms
- 11.2 Etymology
- 11.3 Pronunciation
- 11.4 Noun
- 12 Old French
- 12.1 Etymology 1
- 12.1.1 Noun
- 12.1.1.1 Derived terms
- 12.1.1 Noun
- 12.2 Etymology 2
- 12.2.1 Adjective
- 12.3 References
- 12.1 Etymology 1
- 13 Old Irish
- 13.1 Etymology
- 13.2 Pronunciation
- 13.3 Noun
- 13.3.1 Declension
- 13.3.2 Derived terms
- 13.4 Mutation
- 13.5 References
- 14 Portuguese
- 14.1 Pronunciation
- 14.2 Verb
- 15 Scots
- 15.1 Etymology 1
- 15.1.1 Noun
- 15.1.2 References
- 15.2 Etymology 2
- 15.2.1 Noun
- 15.2.2 References
- 15.1 Etymology 1
- 16 Scottish Gaelic
- 16.1 Etymology
- 16.2 Pronunciation
- 16.3 Noun
- 16.3.1 Synonyms
- 16.3.2 Derived terms
- 16.4 Mutation
- 17 Spanish
- 17.1 Pronunciation
- 17.2 Etymology 1
- 17.2.1 Noun
- 17.2.1.1 Derived terms
- 17.2.1.2 Related terms
- 17.2.1.3 Descendants
- 17.2.2 Interjection
- 17.2.1 Noun
- 17.3 Etymology 2
- 17.3.1 Noun
- 17.4 References
- 17.5 Further reading
English
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
aire (countable and uncountable, plural aires)
Derived terms
[edit]
Anagrams
[edit]
Asturian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
From Latin aēr, āeris.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural aires)
Basque
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
From Spanish aire.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]
aireinan
- air (mixture of gasses)
Declension
[edit]
Declension of aire (inanimate, ending in vowel)
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | aire | airea | aireak |
ergative | airek | aireak | aireek |
dative | aireri | aireari | aireei |
genitive | aireren | airearen | aireen |
comitative | airerekin | airearekin | aireekin |
causative | airerengatik | airearengatik | aireengatik |
benefactive | airerentzat | airearentzat | aireentzat |
instrumental | airez | aireaz | aireez |
inessive | airetan | airean | aireetan |
locative | airetako | aireko | aireetako |
allative | airetara | airera | aireetara |
terminative | airetaraino | aireraino | aireetaraino |
directive | airetarantz | airerantz | aireetarantz |
destinative | airetarako | airerako | aireetarako |
ablative | airetatik | airetik | aireetatik |
partitive | airerik | — | — |
prolative | airetzat | — | — |
Further reading
[edit]
- “aire”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
- “aire”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Catalan
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural aires)
- air (mixture of gases)
- wind, breeze
- air (manner)
- Té un aire de salut ― It looks healthy.
- (equestrianism) gait
- (music) air, tune
Derived terms
[edit]
Related terms
[edit]
Further reading
[edit]
- “aire” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “aire”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “aire” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “aire” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
- IPA(key): /ɛʁ/
une aire: (file) - hom*ophones: air, airent, aires, airs, ère, ères, erre, errent, erres, ers (general), haire, haires, hère, hères, r (aspirated)
Etymology 1
[edit]
Inherited from Old French aire, eire, from Latin ārea. Doublet of are and area, which were learned borrowings.
Noun
[edit]
airef (plural aires)
- (geometry) (surface) area
- Synonym: superficie
- (architecture) a flat surface
- (sailing) direction of the wind
- threshing floor
- area, zone, range (a space in which a certain thing occurs)
Derived terms
[edit]
- aire d’autoroute
- aire de Broca
- aire de distribution
- aire de lancement
- aire de répartition
- aire de repos
- aire de Wernicke
- aire urbaine
- aire de jeux
Related terms
[edit]
Etymology 2
[edit]
Probably from Latin ager, agrum (and hence a doublet of ager, a later borrowing), or related to the above. Compare Old Occitan agre (“bird's nest”).
Noun
[edit]
airef (plural aires)
Verb
[edit]
aire
- inflection of airer:
Further reading
[edit]
- “aire”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
[edit]
Galician
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
From Old Galician-Portuguese aire (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin aēr, aeris.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural aires)
- air
c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 108:
Et algũu mouro astroso, que sabe fazer estas cousas, fezo aquela uisom vijr pelo aere por nos espantar cõ esta arteria.
- And some despicable Moor, who knows how to do this things, made this vision that came by the air, to scare us with this trick
- evil eye
Derived terms
[edit]
References
[edit]
- “aire”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “aire”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “aire”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “aire”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “aire”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Irish
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
- (Munster) IPA(key): /ˈaɾʲə/[1], /ˈɑɾʲə/[2]
- (Connacht) IPA(key): /ˈæːɾʲə/, /ˈaːɾʲə/, /ˈɑːɾʲə/[3]
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈæɾʲə/[4]
Etymology 1
[edit]
From Old Irish airef (“guarding, watching over”)[5]
Noun
[edit]
airef (genitive singular aire)
Declension
[edit]
Declension of aire
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
| Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
[edit]
- aireach (“careful”)
Etymology 2
[edit]
From Old Irish aire,[6] from Proto-Celtic *aryos, of disputed origin (see Old Irish entry for more).
Noun
[edit]
airem (genitive singular aireach, nominative plural aireacha)
Declension
[edit]
Declension of aire
Bare forms
| Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (genitive singular aire, nominative plural airí)
Declension
[edit]
Declension of aire
Derived terms
[edit]
- aireachtf (“ministry”)
- binse na nAirí (“the front bench”)
Mutation
[edit]
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
aire | n-aire | haire | t-aire |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
[edit]
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, §86, page 46
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, §187, page 93
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 26
- ^ Quiggin, E.C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, §75, page 32
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 aire (‘act of guarding, watching over’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 aire (‘nobleman, chief’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
[edit]
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aire”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 16
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aire”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Italian
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (uncountable) (literary)
Etymology 2
[edit]
Variant of aere.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural airi)
Anagrams
[edit]
Ladino
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (Latin spelling)
Middle English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
From Old French air,aer, from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr).
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
aire (plural aires)
Descendants
[edit]
References
[edit]
- “air, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Occitan
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural aires)
- air (mixture of gases)
Old French
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]
Variant of air.
Noun
[edit]
aire oblique singular,m (oblique plural aires, nominative singular aires, nominative plural aire)
Derived terms
[edit]
Etymology 2
[edit]
Adjective
[edit]
airem (oblique and nominative feminine singular aire)
- Alternative form of aigre
References
[edit]
- “aigre” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Old Irish
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Originally a io-stem (as shown by the dative plural form airib and the personal name Lóegaire (literally “favorite nobleman”) with vocative and genitive Lóegairi), later reanalyzed as a k-stem due to conflation with the synonymous airech. From Proto-Celtic *aryos (compare Gaulish personal names with Ario-, such as Ario-manus and Ario-vistus), of unknown origin.
- Historically (since the now-defunct derivation of Adolphe Pictet, 1858) speculated to mean "freeman", and furthermore supposed to be related to Indo-Iranian *áryas (via Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryos). This idea was especially popular in the 19th- and early 20th-century context of "Aryan" race and language theory, which posited Aryans as "noble" "freemen" opposed to slave-like दास (dāsa)/Semites. Today, for linguistic reasons, any attempt to find a European cognate for the Indo-Iranian autonym is treated with extreme skepsis. See *áryas for details.
- According to Meid, it is from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₃- (“first”) (Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrvá), Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos), Lithuanian pirmas). According to Matasović this is less convincing because there are no traces of the laryngeal in the purported Celtic reflexes: *pr̥h₃yos would have given *ɸrāyos. See ro-.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airem (genitive airech, nominative plural airig)
Declension
[edit]
Masculine k-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | aire | airigL | airig |
Vocative | aire | airigL | airecha |
Accusative | airigN | airigL | airecha |
Genitive | airech | airech | airechN |
Dative | airigL | airechaib, airib | airechaib, airib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms
[edit]
Mutation
[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
aire (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) | unchanged | n-aire |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
[edit]
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 43
- W. Meid (2005), Keltische Personennamen in Pannonien, Archaeolingua, Budapest.
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 213
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 aire (‘nobleman, chief’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: ai‧re
Verb
[edit]
aire
- inflection of airar:
Scots
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
aire (plural aires)
- Alternative form of air (“small quantity”)
References
[edit]
- “aire, n.2” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Etymology 2
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
aire (plural aires)
- Northern Isles form of air (“beach”)
References
[edit]
- “aire, n.4” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Scottish Gaelic
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
From Old Irish airef (“freeman, noble”).
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
airef (genitive singular aire)
- mind
- Tha rudeigin air a h-aire. ― There's something on her mind.
- attention, heed, notice
- care, regard
- Thoiribh an aire oiribh! ― Take care of yourselves!
Synonyms
[edit]
- (attention, regard): suim
Derived terms
[edit]
Mutation
[edit]
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
aire | n-aire | h-aire | t-aire |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Spanish
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]
Inherited from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr).
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural aires)
- air (the substance constituting earth's atmosphere)
- air (the open space above the ground)
- air; wind
- Synonym: viento
- air (a feeling or sense)
- resemblance (to another person)
- (usually in the plural) air (pretension; snobbishness)
- darse aires ― to put on airs
- air (a sense of poise, graciousness, or quality)
Derived terms
[edit]
- a su aire
- acondicionador de aire
- aire acondicionado
- aire comprimido
- aire de agua
- aire de suficiencia
- aire de taco
- aire fresco
- aire libre
- airear
- airecillo
- airecito
- airoso
- al aire
- al aire libre
- alimentarse del aire
- azotar el aire
- bolsa de aire
- bomba de aire
- Buenos Aires
- cámara de aire
- cambiar de aires
- castillos en el aire
- cojín de aire
- colchón de aire
- compresor de aire
- con el culo al aire
- de buen aire
- de mal aire
- de puro aire
- de una ire
- disparar al aire
- en el aire
- filtro de aire (“air filter”)
- freidora de aire
- general del Aire
- golpe de aire
- hoja del aire
- madera del aire
- mudar aires
- ofenderse del aire
- palabras al aire
- pelo de aire
- pistola de aire
- red del aire
- rifle de aire
- sustentarse del aire
- tomar aire
- tomar el aire
- viga de aire
- vivir del aire
Related terms
[edit]
Descendants
[edit]
- → Basque: aire
- → Tagalog: eyre
Interjection
[edit]
aire
Etymology 2
[edit]
From zorá (“drunken”), named by a zoologist after the shivering movements by the animal's head.
Noun
[edit]
airem (plural aires)
References
[edit]
- Sitzungsberichte: Biologische Wissenschaften und Erdwissenschaften, Volumes 191-192, p. 225
Further reading
[edit]
- “aire”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014