An Introduction to Jammers and Jamming Techniques - JEM Engineering (2024)

While “interference” generally describes unintentional forms of disruption during wireless communications, “jamming” describes the deliberate interference with or blocking of such communications.

As the name suggests, jamming antennas, (akajammers)are specifically used to interfere with radio noise or signals. In electronic warfare (EW) these interference are meant to disrupt control of a battle.

For example, jammers radiate interfering signals toward an opponent’s radar, blocking the receiver with highly concentrated energy signals.

The two main jamming techniques arenoise techniquesandrepeater techniques. Spot jamming, sweep jamming, and barrage jamming are the three most common types of noise jamming, whereas DRFM jamming is the most common type of repeater jamming.

Spot jammingis a form of noise jamming, where ajammer focuses all of its power on a single frequency, rendering the technique ineffective against a frequency-agile radar.

Sweep jammingis the process of shifting a jammer’s full power from one frequency to another. This“sweeping”motion jams multiple frequencies in quick succession, although not all at the same time.

Barrage jammingis the jamming of multiple frequencies at once by a single jammer. The main drawback of this technique is that the jammer spreads it’s power across multiple frequencies, making it comparatively less powerful at a single frequency.

Digital frequency radio memory, or DRFM,is a repeater technique that confuses a radar by altering and re-transmitting received radar energy. For example, by changing the delay in transmission of pulses, the jammer can alter the range the radar detects and creating false targets.Many jamming antennas use these types of techniques.

At present, there are several countermeasures against jamming. Similar to jamming techniques, these countermeasures allow for varying levels of effectiveness. Additionally, specifically designed, anti-jam antennas have become available. As new RF technologies emerge, so do developments in electronic warfare.

An Introduction to Jammers and Jamming Techniques - JEM Engineering (2024)

FAQs

What are the techniques of jamming? ›

The two main jamming techniques are noise techniques and repeater techniques. Spot jamming, sweep jamming, and barrage jamming are the three most common types of noise jamming, whereas DRFM jamming is the most common type of repeater jamming.

How many types of jammer are there? ›

speaking, jammers can be classified into five types based on their capability to sense the wireless medium, react and maintain a state that dictates their future actions as presented in Fig. ... ... the transmission frequency is known, a simple constant jammer can be employed to determine the optimal jamming waveform.

What is communication jamming? ›

Definitions: An attack that attempts to interfere with the reception of broadcast communications. Sources: CNSSI 4009-2015 from IETF RFC 4949 Ver 2.

What is the most effective anti jamming technique? ›

The most commonly used technique to overcome jamming is frequency hopping (FH).

What is jamming in engineering? ›

Jamming is a structural phenomenon that provides robotic systems with components that transition between soft and stiff mechanical states, and with tunable dynamic response. A jamming structure consists of a collection of elements which can be exposed to a pressure gradient (e.g., vacuum or electrostatic potential).

How do jammers work? ›

Radio jamming is the deliberate blocking of or interference with wireless communications. In some cases, jammers work by the transmission of radio signals that disrupt telecommunications by decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio. The concept can be used in wireless data networks to disrupt information flow.

Are jammers illegal? ›

The use of a phone jammer, GPS blocker, or other signal jamming device designed to intentionally block, jam, or interfere with authorized radio communications is a violation of federal law. There are no exemptions for use within a business, classroom, residence, or vehicle.

Why is jammer used? ›

It prevents illegal communication between visitors and inmates. Nowadays, it is even utilized in places like libraries and movie theaters. As a result, having a jammer can help maintain quiet atmosphere, prevent cheating and increase security.

What signals do jammers block? ›

In order to prevent a cell phone from being able to get reception, you should get a cell phone jammer, that blocks cellular frequencies, hence GSM, 2G, 3G, and 4G LTE for the latest Smartphones.

Can jammer block Wi-Fi? ›

These jammers block Wi-Fi connections & disable devices by creating a frequency from connecting Wi-Fi networks. Wireless jammers intentionally jam authorized Wi-Fi signals by simply radiating very strong radio energy with the same frequencies.

Can a VPN block a jammer? ›

The jamming attack affected the network by reducing throughput and increasing delay in different applications, several solutions and protocols were introduced for this issue. One of these solutions is a VPN that uses encryption algorithms for securing data transmission.

What is an example of jamming? ›

Jamming examples

For example, someone could jam GPS signals preventing your devices from displaying your route accurately. Cellular jamming. It involves disrupting a phone's ability to send the signal to the cell tower. For example cellular jamming could be used in a theater, a hospital, or a prison.

What can stop a jammer? ›

One of the primary defenses against WiFi jammers is enabling WPA3 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 3), which is built into a majority of our networks today; this enhances the security of wireless networks by making it significantly more challenging for unauthorized individuals to interfere with the communication between devices ...

What is the principle of jamming? ›

Electronic jamming works by transmitting additional radio signals towards enemy receivers, making it difficult to detect real target signals, or take advantage of known behaviors of automated systems like radar lock-on to confuse the system.

How are jamming attacks detected? ›

Two inputs are used by the FIS to detect jamming. The two inputs used are Received Signal Strength (RSS) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). If a jamming attack occurs, the RSS value will degrade and the SNR value will increase.

What are the different types of jamming attacks? ›

There are three types of jamming attacks: constant, deceptive, and reactive. Jamming attacks can lead to financial, emotional, and physical consequences. Consistently monitoring your network signal, using an IDS, and understanding your risks are ways to protect against jamming.

What is the friendly jamming method? ›

A friendly jamming technique is a method of emitting friendly artificial interference signals to prevent malicious eavesdroppers from overhearing when the sender communicates with a legitimate receiver.

How is jamming done? ›

Electronic jamming works by transmitting additional radio signals towards enemy receivers, making it difficult to detect real target signals, or take advantage of known behaviors of automated systems like radar lock-on to confuse the system.

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