The 4 percent rule is a good starting point, but it’s important to stay flexible. “No one spends in a straight line,” Behr says, noting that retirees generally spend more at the beginning and the end of retirement, and less in the years in between.
4. Play catch-up
While it’s always best to start saving for retirement when you’re young, it’s never too late for older workers to play catch-up. Starting when you turn 50, the IRS lets you make larger “catch-up contributions” to retirement accounts. Doing so can significantly bulk up your nest egg, says Greg McBride, chief financial analyst at Bankrate.
For 2024, workers under age 50 can put up to $23,000 into a workplace retirement plan such as a 401(k) or 403(b), but those who are 50-plus can contribute up to $30,500. For an individual retirement account (IRA), the standard limit is $7,000, but 50-plus workers can make catch-up contributions of up to $1,000, for a total of $8,000.
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5. Be strategic about Social Security
If you can afford to hold off taking Social Security until you reach age 70 (or at least your late 60s), your monthly checks will be appreciably bigger.
Retirement benefits are reduced if you take them before full retirement age (between 66 or 67, depending on the year you were born).That’s when you qualify to claim the full benefit calculated from your lifetime earnings record. If you can delay past that, you get an extra two-thirds of 1 percent per month, or up to 8 percent a year, until you hit 70.
“That is a benefit that is 24 percent higher than if you claim it at age 67,” McBride notes. So, if your full benefit would be $2,000 a month, claiming at 70 makes it $2,480. That’s an extra $5,760 a year (plus cost-of-living adjustments, or COLAs) for life.
6. Stay on top of your investments
When it comes to investing for retirement, you can’t just set it and forget it. “People should, over the course of their life spans, be reevaluating and making adjustments,” says Tyler Bond, research director at the National Institute on Retirement Security, a nonprofit research organization.
The conventional wisdom is that the older you get, the less risk you should take on, because you’ll have less time to recover if the market goes south. This means reducing your exposure to riskier assets, like stocks, in favor of more conservative assets, like bonds or cash.
Target date funds (TDFs), which rebalance your portfolio as you near retirement age, were created to help investors navigate these adjustments.But do your research before investing in one. “Not all target date funds are created the same,” says McBride. “Some are more aggressive, while some are more conservative.”
Also, steer clear of annuities and investment funds that charge high fees, Behr suggests. You can check fees for individual funds on the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) Fund Analyzer, which calculates how much fees and expenses will affect the value of a certain fund over time and allows you to compare the cost of owning different funds.
