Ethics are tested in business almost everyday and in a wide range of business activities.
Let's take one of the above – suppliers.
A business cannot claim to be ethical firm if it ignores unethical practices by its suppliers – e.g.
- Use of child labour and forced labour
- Production in sweatshops
- Violation of the basic rights of workers
- Ignoring health, safety and environmental standards
An ethical business has to be concerned with the behaviour of all businesses that operate in the supply chain – i.e.
- Suppliers
- Contractors
- Distributors
- Sales agents
Pressure for businesses to act ethically
Businesses and industries increasingly find themselves facing external pressure to improve their ethical track record.
An interesting feature of the rise of consumer activism online has been increased scrutiny of business activities. Consumers are increasingly interested in the sourcing of their products and under what conditions they are produced. This is increasing pressure for what is known as safe sourcing.
Pressure groups are a good example of this. Pressure groups are external stakeholders they
- Tend to focus on activities & ethical practice of multinationals or industries with ethical issues
- Combine direct and indirect action can damage the target business or industry
Direct consumer action is another way in which business ethics can be challenged. Consumers may take action against:
- Businesses they consider to be unethical in some ways (e.g. animal furs)
- Business acting irresponsibly
- Businesses that use business practices they find unacceptable
Consumer action can also be positive – supporting businesses with a strong ethical stance & record. A good example of this is Fairtrade.
Is ethical behaviour good or bad for business?
You might think the above question is an easy one for businesses to answer? Surely acting ethically makes good business sense? As with all issues in business studies, there are two sides to every argument:
The advantages of ethical behaviour include:
- Higher revenues – demand from positive consumer support
- Improved brand and business awareness and recognition
- Better employee motivation and recruitment
- New sources of finance – e.g. from ethical investors
The disadvantages claimed for ethical business include:
- Higher costs – e.g. sourcing from Fairtrade suppliers rather than lowest price
- Higher overheads – e.g. training & communication of ethical policy
- A danger of building up false expectations
