Choosing Indicators | What Works (2024)

CHOOSING INDICATORS

What are they and why you need them

What are indicators?

An indicator is something that you can measure. It can show evidence that you might be reaching your goal, or maybe that you’re not.

Indicators can answer these types of questions:

  • Have our objectives been met?
  • What progress we have made?
  • How close are we to our targets?
  • Is a change we are interested in happening?

However, indicators only tell you that something has happened. They can’t tell you:

  • What has caused any change?
  • Whether or why our programme has made a difference?
  • Why and how change occurs.
  • What happened for participants or what they think or feel.
Good ideas when selecting indicators include:
  • Use positive indicators that show what the project wants to achieve or move towards, rather than negative indicators, such as removing something or having less of something.
  • Use a small number of relevant indicators rather than a long list of semi-related indicators.

Types of indicators

There are many types of indicators, which can be clustered in these ways:

  • Participation– who took part; how many?
  • Process– what you got up to and how many were involved.
  • Results– whether or not you got what you wanted.
  • Outputs– things that your programme changed.
  • Outcomes– what changes you can show your programme caused in the medium-to-longer term.
  • Impact– long-term effect.
TYPE OF INDICATORDESCRIPTION
Participation IndicatorsInterest and participation of locals and backers in what’s happening (who).
Progress IndicatorsMeasure what happened, against what you wanted to happen.
Possibility IndicatorsChanges in belief about what’s possible and enthusiasm for the next step (can do/do next).
People IndicatorsHow have people’s situations changed?
Policy/Systems ChangeTrack changes to thinking, funding, policies and approaches (now being done differently).

The New Zealand organisation,Inspiring Communities,developed thisdiscussion paperon measuring community led change in 2015. It identifies six kinds of indicators that apply to social change.

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Choosing indicators

Choosing great indicators can be tricky. Indicators are blunt instruments and when things get complicated it’s even harder to choose good ones. In complex situations, choose indicators carefully and don’t rely only on them.

It’s good when several people choose indicators. Involve those who will collect the data, those who will use it and, if appropriate, the participants. Find out what a project’s funders and decision-makers think are robust and useful indicators.

Features of useful indicators

CRITERIADESCRIPTIONCommunicates wellClear and easy to understand.Relevant or centrally important to the result or projectIs directly linked with the result.ReliableDifferent people can measured it and reach the same results.MeasurableReliable data is available for it and it can easily be measured.PracticalReasonable, including the time, cost and effort required to collect data.Timely and can show change over timeData is timely for decision-making and can show trends over time.
Choosing Indicators | What Works (2024)

FAQs

Choosing Indicators | What Works? ›

Good ideas when selecting indicators include:

What should you consider when choosing an indicator? ›

  • The inidcator should have a broad pH range.
  • pH at the end point of titration should be close to neutral point of indicator.
  • The indicator should have neutral point at pH =7.
  • The indicator must show a sharp colour change near the equivalence point of titration point.

How do we select indicators? ›

When selecting indicators, it is important to consider both the long-term as well as the short-term objectives and how each will be measured. “Benchmark” indicators, which measure progress made toward achieving greater outcomes, are key to ensuring programs and initiatives are on-track to reaching long-term goals.

How to select performance indicators? ›

The ability to select meaningful and useful performance indicators relies on a clearly articulated theory of change and set of expected results. With those in place, ideas for potential indicators of the expected results should begin to emerge from the review of the design documents.

What is the principle for selecting project indicators? ›

While selecting indicators, it should be ensured that they are clear, precise, feasible, and best reflecting the outputs and outcomes of your results.

How do you choose good indicators? ›

Features of useful indicators

CRITERIA DESCRIPTION Communicates well Clear and easy to understand. Relevant or centrally important to the result or project Is directly linked with the result. Reliable Different people can measured it and reach the same results.

What are the 5 main characteristics of an indicator? ›

Useful: Can be used for program improvement and to demonstrate program outcomes. Adequate: Can measure change over time and progress toward performance or outcomes. Understandable: Easy to comprehend and interpret. Practical/feasible: The data for the indicator should not be too burdensome to collect.

What are the criteria for selecting indicators? ›

Technical robustness:
  • Consistency: clarity in definition and able to compare across different spatial scales and over time.
  • Transparency: clearly stated spatial objectives, targets, indicators, and methods of monitoring.
  • Flexibility: monitor thematic and crosscutting issues across different spatial levels.

What are the 4 mandatory key performance indicators? ›

Anyway, the four KPIs that always come out of these workshops are:
  • Customer Satisfaction,
  • Internal Process Quality,
  • Employee Satisfaction, and.
  • Financial Performance Index.

What are the basics of indicators? ›

Indicators are statistics used to measure current conditions as well as to forecast financial or economic trends. In the world of investing, indicators typically refer to technical chart patterns deriving from the price, volume, or open interest of a given security.

What is a smart indicator? ›

SMART is an acronym that stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. These are the criteria that make an indicator effective and useful for M&E. An indicator is a quantitative or qualitative measure that shows the change or outcome of an intervention.

What are the five of indicators of a successful project? ›

They typically include measures of: cost performance, such as actual cost (money spent) against budgeted cost (in the initial budget) project progress, such as percentage of work performed, project milestones completed, or actual time spent on the project so far. financial profit, such as return on investment.

What are the 4 main features that make a good indicator? ›

Indicators should generate data that are needed and useful. They should be technically sound. They should be understandable, practical and feasible. In addition, they should have a proven record of performance.

How to choose an indicator in mcat? ›

The choice of indicator depends on the nature of the acid-base reaction and the pH range at the equivalence point. An ideal indicator should have its endpoint color change occur within the same pH range as the sharp pH change at the equivalence point on the titration curve.

What makes an indicator good? ›

We have stated that a good indicator should have a pKin value that is close to the expected pH at the equivalence point. For a strong acid–strong base titration, the choice of the indicator is not especially critical due to the very large change in pH that occurs around the equivalence point.

What properties should an indicator have? ›

7.13: Properties of indicators
  • Direct.
  • Specific.
  • Useful.
  • Practical.
  • Adequate.
  • Culturally Appropriate.

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