Fix Windows Update corruptions and installation failures - Windows Server (2024)

This article offers you advanced manual methods to fix problems that prevent Windows Update from installing successfully by using the Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) tool.

Original KB number: 947821

Common corruption errors

Windows updates may fail to install if there are corruption errors. You can check the Setup event log for errors. The following table lists the possible error codes for Windows Update for your reference:

For example, an update might not install if a system file is damaged. The DISM may help you fix some Windows corruption errors.

Check this page for Windows Update troubleshooting scenarios.

Using DISM to repair Windows Update corruptions

To resolve Windows Update corruptions and address update installation failures, use the DISM tool. Then, install the Windows Update.

1. Open an elevated command prompt. To do this, open the Start menu, type Command Prompt, right-click Command Prompt, and then select Run as administrator. If you're prompted for an administrator password or for a confirmation, type the password, or select Yes.

2. Type the following command, and then press Enter. It may take several minutes for the command operation to be completed.

   DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth

   Important

   DISM repair works best when you connect to Microsoft Update servers to fetch missing or corrupted files. When you use the proceeding command, DISM gets the files needed to fix any corruptions from Windows Update. However, if your computer can't connect to Windows Update, you can alternatively use a working Windows installation as the repair source, or you can use files from a Windows folder on a network or from a USB or DVD. Instead, use this command:

   DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:\\<servername>\c$\winsxs /LimitAccess

   Note

   Replace <servername> with the computer name of the computer you are using as a repair source. The repair source computer must be running the same operating system version. For more information about using the DISM tool to repair Windows, reference Repair a Windows Image. If the scan result is "The restore operation completed successfully", go to the next step. If not, try to analyze the CBS.log file and fix errors.

3. Type the sfc /scannow command and press Enter. It may take several minutes for the command operation to be completed.

4. Close the command prompt, and then run Windows Update again.

DISM creates a log file (%windir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log) that captures any issues that the tool found or fixed. %windir% is the folder in which Windows is installed. For example, the %windir% folder is C:\Windows.

How does DISM Repair work?

DISM is a command-line tool that is used to service and repair Windows images, including the Windows Recovery Environment, Windows Setup, and Windows PE (WinPE). It can also be used to repair the local Windows image on your computer.

To give you a better understanding, here's a summary of the resources that the DISM tool checks for integrity:

• Files that are located in the following directories:
  • %SYSTEMROOT%\Servicing\Packages
  • %SYSTEMROOT%\WinSxS\Manifests
• Registry data that's located under the following registry subkeys:
  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Components
  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Schema
  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing

This list may be updated at any time. When the DISM detects incorrect manifests, Cabinets, or registry data, it may replace the incorrect data with a corrected version.

Logging

The DISM tool creates a log file that captures any issues that the tool found or fixed. The log file is located here:

• %SYSTEMROOT%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log
• %SYSTEMROOT%\Logs\CBS\CBS.persist.log

Advanced guide to fix CBS corruption manually using DISM utility

Step 1: Analyze the CBS.log file

After running the DISM commands, go to %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log to view the results. The log file provides a summary of the scan and details of any errors found.

Here's an example of the log summary:

Checking System Update Readiness. (p) CSI Payload Corrupt (n) amd64_microsoft-windows-a..modernappmanagement_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.19045.3636_none_23b3b3ece690d77b\EnterpriseModernAppMgmtCSP.dll (p) CBS MUM Missing (n) Microsoft-Windows-Client-Features-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19045.4291 (p) CSI Manifest Corrupt (w) (Fixed) wow64_microsoft-windows-audio-mmecore-acm_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.19045.1_none_a12b40f4b4c7b751 (p) CSI Manifest Corrupt (n) wow64_microsoft-windows-audio-volumecontrol_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.19045.3636_none_4514b27cf12f35d5Summary:Operation: Detect and Repair Operation result: 0x800f081fLast Successful Step: Remove staged packages completes.Total Detected Corruption: 2 CBS Manifest Corruption: 2 CBS Metadata Corruption: 0 CSI Manifest Corruption: 0 CSI Metadata Corruption: 0 CSI Payload Corruption: 0Total Repaired Corruption: 1 CBS Manifest Repaired: 1 CSI Manifest Repaired: 0 CSI Payload Repaired: 0 CSI Store Metadata refreshed: FalseStaged Packages: CBS Staged packages: 0 CBS Staged packages removed: 0

Step 2: Download the missing files

1. Identify the missing or corrupted files.

   Review the CBS.log file to identify the missing or corrupted files. For example:

   (p) CSI Payload Corrupt (n) amd64_microsoft-windows-a..modernappmanagement_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.19045.3636_none_23b3b3ece690d77b\EnterpriseModernAppMgmtCSP.dll(p) CBS MUM Missing (n) Microsoft-Windows-Client-Features-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19045.4291(p) CSI Manifest Corrupt (n) wow64_microsoft-windows-audio-volumecontrol_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.19045.3636_none_4514b27cf12f35d5

2. Determine the version.

   To determine which update has the missing files, you can use the Update Build Revision (UBR) in the file name. For example:

   • 10.0.19045.3636 is a UBR.
   • 10.0.19045.4291 is a UBR.

   You need to find updates that have these UBR numbers. For example, if you're using Windows 10, version 22H2, find the update history page and locate the UBR number (for example, 3636). Each update has a UBR number, and you can download the corresponding update.

3. Download the missing files.

   Identify and download the update packages that contain the missing files. For example, if the log indicates that Microsoft-Windows-Client-Features-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19045.4291 is missing, download the respective .msu file from the Microsoft Update Catalog.

Step 3: Extract the .msu and .cab files

To address the corrupted files identified in the CBS.log file, extract the missing files into a specific folder. Follow these steps to extract the .msu and .cab files by using the provided PowerShell script, and then copy the necessary files to the C:\temp\Source folder.

1. Create the necessary folders.

   Run the following command to create the C:\temp\Source folder if it doesn't exist:

   mkdir C:\temp\Source

2. Use the instructions and script in Scripts: Extract .msu and .cab files to extract the .msu files by providing the destination paths of the .msu files.

Step 4: Repair the corrupted files by using the source files

1. Copy the correct versions of the corrupted files.

   Copy the correct versions of all the corrupted files that belong to this update to the C:\temp\Source folder. For example, run the following command:

   Copy-Item "C:\path\extractedFiles\corruptedfile.dll" -Destination "C:\temp\Source"

   Repeat this process for each corrupted file identified in the log until all the corrupted files are copied to the C:\temp\Source folder.

2. Rerun the DISM command.

   Open a command prompt as an administrator and run the following DISM command with the /Source option:

   DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\temp\Source\ /limit

Step 5: Verify and confirm

1. Rerun the DISM command.

   Rerun the following DISM command to verify that the issues have been resolved:

   DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth

2. Check the CBS.log file.

   Review the CBS.log file to ensure there are no remaining errors.

Example DISM command output

The output of the DISM restore command provides crucial information about the corruption that was detected and repaired:

Checking System Update Readiness.(p) CBS MUM Missing (n) Microsoft-Windows-Client-Features-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19045.4291Repair failed: Missing replacement mum/cat pair.(p) CBS MUM Missing (w) (Fixed) Microsoft-Windows-Client-Features-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19045.4412Summary:Operation: Detect and Repair Operation result: 0x800f081fLast Successful Step: Remove staged packages completes.Total Detected Corruption: 2 CBS Manifest Corruption: 2 CBS Metadata Corruption: 0 CSI Manifest Corruption: 0 CSI Metadata Corruption: 0 CSI Payload Corruption: 0Total Repaired Corruption: 1 CBS Manifest Repaired: 1 CSI Manifest Repaired: 0 CSI Payload Repaired: 0 CSI Store Metadata refreshed: FalseStaged Packages: CBS Staged packages: 0 CBS Staged packages removed: 0

Data collection

If you need assistance from Microsoft support, we recommend you collect the information by following the steps mentioned in Gather information by using TSS for deployment-related issues.