How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher (2024)


By Timothy Tibbetts

Most Windows users know when you delete a file that it's not truly "gone." Deleted files initially go to the recycle bin, and once removed from there, they can be recovered from your hard drive assuming the data hasn't been overwritten. Windows has a little-known utility that can securely wipe free space, including files, folders, or your entire drive. Here's how to use it.

We can accomplish this using Cipher with Windows PowerShell because while Cipher does not have a graphical user interface, it is still easy for anyone to use.

Press the Windows Key + S and begin typing PowerShell, then right-click on Windows PowerShell and Run as Administrator.

You can securely delete all free space on your hard drive by typing in cipher /w:C:.

How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher (1)

This command will only securely wipe all free space that has deleted files. It will not touch any other files on your drive, so it's safe. It is also the easiest and fastest command to wipe all deleted files securely.

If there's one downside, Cipher is very slow. A large hard drive could take all night (or all day if you're a vampire), and even secure deleting a single folder can take a half-hour or more.

For example, let's say you wanted to securely wipe all deleted files from Documents.

In this case, we would type Cipher /w:C:UsersUsernameDocuments, where 'Username' is replaced with your username.

If you don't know the full path, open File Explorer, This PC, Local Disk (C How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher (2), and find the folder you want to wipe securely. In the screenshot below, we navigated to our Documents folder, right-clicked near the last word (Documents), and selected Copy address as text.

How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher (3)

That gave me C:UsersTimDocuments. Now I type in Cipher /w: and paste C:UsersTimDocuments followed by pressing Enter. You can use this for Photos, Downloads, Videos, or any folder you like.

How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher (4)

Sometimes Cipher will leave behind a folder and files called EFSTMPWP. What Is the EFSTMPWP Folder and Can You Delete It?.

That's it!

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How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher (2024)

FAQs

How to Securely Delete Files in Windows 10 With PowerShell and Cipher? ›

Press the Windows Key + S and begin typing PowerShell, then right-click on Windows PowerShell and Run as Administrator. You can securely delete all free space on your hard drive by typing in cipher /w:C:. This command will only securely wipe all free space that has deleted files.

How to permanently and securely delete files on Windows 10? ›

Here's how to permanently delete files on Windows using keyboard shortcuts only:
  1. Click on the file once to highlight it. If the file is saved directly on your desktop, click on it there. ...
  2. Hold down the Shift key and press the Delete key. ...
  3. Click Yes on the window that pops up.
Oct 8, 2021

Does cipher permanently delete files? ›

The data is permanently removed. It can take a long time if you overwrite a large amount of space.

How do I permanently delete files in PowerShell? ›

To delete a file or folder, use the "Remove-Item PATH" cmdlet in PowerShell. In this command, replace "PATH" with the full path to the file or folder you want to remove. To delete all files in a folder but keep the folder, use the "Remove-Item PATH\*. *" command, where "PATH" is the full path to the folder.

How do I securely delete files in PowerShell? ›

Press the Windows Key + S and begin typing PowerShell, then right-click on Windows PowerShell and Run as Administrator. You can securely delete all free space on your hard drive by typing in cipher /w:C:. This command will only securely wipe all free space that has deleted files.

How do you permanently delete files so they Cannot be recovered in Windows 10? ›

Solution 1: Permanently Delete Files by Setting Recycle Bin
  1. Step 1 Right-click on the Recycle Bin from your desktop.
  2. Step 2 Click on 'Properties' and then choose the drive for which you want to delete the data permanently.
  3. Step 3 After selecting the drive, mark the option called 'Don't move files to the Recycle Bin.
Apr 18, 2024

Is Windows cipher secure? ›

Cipher is a tool used for enabling or disabling encryption on files or folders, your command is going to write random I/O to the drive to obfuscate it, if it's only doing a single pass, that's not 100% secure.

How to make deleted files unrecoverable? ›

In Windows Explorer, click on the file to select and press the Shift+Delete key on your keyboard. Now, you'll see a popup asking whether you want to delete the files permanently or not. Select Yes on the popup, and the file will be permanently deleted and won't go to the recycle bin.

Can hackers access permanently deleted files? ›

Cybercriminals and hackers can gain access to personal information stored in your computer even after you think you've deleted the files. This includes everything from financial documents to scanned images. If you think those files are gone because they've been deleted, think again.

What PowerShell script deletes files? ›

To delete a file in PowerShell, You can use the Remove-Item cmdlet followed by the -Path parameter and the File path. For example: Remove-Item -Path "C:\Archive\Backup. bak" , This command will remove the specified file “Backup. bak” from the folder “C:\Archive”.

How do I permanently delete PowerShell history? ›

Clear-History deletes the command history from a PowerShell session. Each PowerShell session has its own command history. To display the command history, use the Get-History cmdlet. By default, Clear-History deletes the entire command history from a PowerShell session.

How do I remove all traces from deleted files? ›

Run disk cleanup: To free up any additional space that may still be occupied by the deleted user's files, you can run the Disk Cleanup utility. To do this, open File Explorer and right-click on the drive where the user's files were stored. Click on "Properties", and then click on "Disk Cleanup".

How do I make it impossible to recover deleted files? ›

To make a file impossible to recover, it is recommended to use a process called "secure deletion" or "file shredding." Here are a few ways you can securely delete a file: Use a file shredder software: These are special programs that overwrite the data on a file multiple times, making it impossible to recover.

How do I make sure that my deleted data is really gone? ›

Erase your data right away!

Don't take any chances. If you want to wipe your data permanently, erase it beyond the recovery scope. Erasing a file means taking external software help to overwrite it using zeros and ones or some random patterns.

Does Windows reset securely delete everything? ›

Click the Reset button. This will remove all personal files and user accounts on the PC, any changes made to settings, and all apps and games.

How do I permanently delete files from my computer without recovery for free? ›

Shift + Delete:
  1. Select the file or folder you want to delete.
  2. Press Shift + Delete to permanently delete it, bypassing the Recycle Bin.
Oct 19, 2023

What is the difference between normal file deletion and secure file deletion? ›

Deleting Versus Secure Deleting

The actual file remains on the hard drive, where it can be retrieved with common software tools. A secure delete application or process prevents the recovery of deleted files by overwriting the file data with meaningless data.

Does emptying the Recycle Bin permanently delete? ›

Deleted files are still recoverable!

Emptying your Recycle Bin doesn't permanently delete your files. So, there is no need to blame your employee for supposedly forgetting to delete that old confidential file or your IT guy for not setting up your data backup and security right.

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