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This page answers some of the most frequently asked questions about the Kadena network.
What consensus mechanism does Kadena use?
Proof-of-Work
What hashing algorithm does Kadena use?
Blake2s_256
What is the target block time for Kadena?
Every chain of the 20 braided chains has a new block on average 30 seconds inbetween. Total is 20 blocks every 30 seconds. Which translates to 1.5 secondstheoretical block time.
What are the block rewards?
Block rewards are readjusted against a set schedule every six months, withroughly half of the remaining minable coins issued as block rewards every 20years. See the complete miner block reward schedulehere.
Does Kadena have a block explorer?
View the block explorer here whichvisualizes the mining, propagation and braiding of blocks across multiple Kadenachains in real time
Is Kadena open source?
Yes, the open-source repository for the Kadena public blockchain ishere.
Why does Kadena’s public blockchain use proof of work?
Kadena uses proof of work for a few key reasons:Evidence: PoW is the only“battle-tested” consensus protocol primitive.
- Economic incentive alignment: PoW creates an economic incentive for themajority of the hashpower to validate and honestly support the entirenetwork. It is an open research question if a non-PoW approach can reasonablyachieve the same.
- Regulation: In the eyes of certain financial regulators, proof of workminers are not considered money transmitters, making a probabilistic PoWmining system safer from a US regulatory perspective than a system with more“finality” like PoS.
How does Kadena scale?
Kadena’s public blockchain scales by providing a mechanism to asynchronouslyproduce many blocks on different peer chains all at the same height, with eachblock requiring a fraction of the hash power of the total network. Thisconfiguration drastically increases the number of transactions per second overthe total network.
How does Kadena deal with congestion?
Transaction costs will rise as the number of transactions rise on one chain. Youcan set up an account on a less congested chain, where transaction costs arecheaper, and move your tokens through a simple burn-receipt using on-chain SPV.Miners have economic incentive to cooperate with reconfiguring the network to alarger size when the entire network starts to become congested.\
What does it mean to “braid multiple chains”?
Braiding chains together was first proposed for security purposes. In effect,chains are “braided” as each chain’s newly mined block incorporates the Merkleroots of its peer chains. By having multiple mined blocks at the same heighteach referencing each other’s past, the protocol decreases the duration of timewhere an attacker could get “lucky” against an honest network. Think of anattacker needing to flip 6 coins and get all heads (mine 6 blocks) vs. needingto flip 12 coins and get all heads (mine 6 blocks from two related chains). Thelatter is harder. This same intuition applies to Kadena’s multi-chainconfiguration.\
How are tokens moved between different Kadena chains?
Tokens are moved across chains using a Simple Payment Verification (SPV) smartcontract.\
How do I run a node?
Official information for running a node is maintained atthis GitHub repository, andsupplementary resources here.
How do I become a miner?
Official information for mining KDA is maintained atthis GitHub repository,and supplementary resources here.
