Loan stock definition — AccountingTools (2024)

What is Loan Stock?

Loan stock is shares in a business that have been pledged as collateral for a loan. This type of collateral is most valuable for a lender when the shares are publicly traded on a stock exchange and are unrestricted, so that the shares can be easily sold for cash. This collateral is also more valuable when the traded price of the stock is relatively consistent over time, so that the lender does not have to worry about a price decline impacting the value of its collateral. This arrangement is of less use when a business is privately held, since the lender cannot easily sell the shares.

The lender may require that it retain physical control of the shares for the duration of the loan, and will return the shares to their owner once the loan has been paid off. If the borrower defaults on the loan, the lender can then retain the shares.

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Disadvantages of Loan Stock

There are several disadvantages associated with loan stock, including the following items:

  • Loss of control. Loan stock can be a problem from a corporate control perspective, since a loan default means that the lender acquires the shares, and therefore the related ownership percentage in the business, along with all associated voting rights. This can be a particular problem when the lender has entered into the loan with the intent of taking control of the borrower.

  • Loss of share valuation. A loan stock arrangement can be risky for the lender, since the market value of the shares being used as collateral may decline. When this happens, the collateral may be insufficient to provide complete coverage for the remaining loan balance. If a portion of the loan principal is being paid back on an ongoing basis, this is less of a problem, since the loan balance will be declining over time. If the loan is being paid off incrementally, there may be a clause in the lending agreement under which some portion of the shares are returned to the borrower before the end of the lending arrangement.

Loan stock definition —  AccountingTools (2024)

FAQs

What is a loan stock in accounting? ›

A loan stock is a security issued by a company in respect of a loan made by investors. Loan stocks may be secured, unsecured, convertible or non-convertible, but are often unsecured, unlike debentures.

What is a term loan stock? ›

Loan stock refers to shares of common or preferred stock that are used as collateral to secure a loan from another party. The loan earns a fixed interest rate, much like a standard loan, and can be secured or unsecured.

What is loaning stocks? ›

Stock Lending gives you the opportunity to earn extra income on stocks you already own. After you enable Stock Lending, if we borrow your stock, you're paid monthly for the loan. If your stocks are on loan, you can still sell them at any time and realize gains or losses as you would otherwise.

What is the difference between a loan and a loan stock? ›

Loan capital is like the total amount a company has borrowed altogether. It's the sum total of all the money they owe from different loans. Loan stock, on the other hand, is a specific type of loan. It's like when a company divides up its debt into parts and sells them to investors.

What is the definition of a stock in accounting? ›

In accounting terms, stock can be understood as recording the value of a company's inventory or items on sale. This is significant in its ability to calculate profit and loss for an organisation. Inventory has been known to carry a lower price tag because it's not up for sale at any given time.

What is the difference between loan note and loan stock? ›

Also commonly known as loan stock, loan notes constitute a particular type of debt security called debentures.

What is a loan stock as a source of finance? ›

Loan stock has a nominal value, which is the debt owed by the company, and interest is paid at a stated "coupon yield" on this amount. For example, if a company issues 10% loan stocky the coupon yield will be 10% of the nominal value of the stock, so that $100 of stock will receive $10 interest each year.

What are the advantages of loan stock? ›

Access to Funds:

Access to funds is one of the primary advantages of stock loans. Unlike traditional loans, which may require extensive documentation and credit checks, stock loans are secured by your stock portfolio, which serves as collateral.

What is a mortgage loan stock? ›

A Stock Mortgage Loan is a form of securities lending that uses stocks, bonds or other eligible securities as the effective guarantee. Attractive Interest Rates. Documentation Made Easy. Quick Processing.

Why do people loan stocks? ›

Stock lending is a good fit for long-term investors who do not need intraday liquidity and have a moderately optimistic view of their holdings. The added income simply enhances your overall return without needing to change your core positions.

What is a loan against stocks called? ›

Securities-based lines of credit. What it is: Similar to margin, a securities-based line of credit offered through a bank allows you to borrow against the value of your portfolio, usually at variable interest rates. Assets are pledged as collateral and held in a separate brokerage account at a broker-dealer.

Can stock be used as collateral for a loan? ›

Collateral is any asset of value you own that can be used to secure a loan. Real estate, savings accounts, investment accounts, cars, and yes, stocks can be used as collateral. For an asset to be used as collateral, it must be in your name and have enough value to secure the loan.

What is loan stock in accounting? ›

Loan stock is a form of debt which shares multiple features with risk investment. It's stock issued by your business as a collateral against a loan. Just like other loans, it earns interest and grants control of the shares to the lender until the loan is paid off.

Is it illegal to use a loan for stocks? ›

Personal loans are generally free of spending restrictions, so you can potentially use the funds to invest. However, some lenders disallow the use of loan proceeds to make certain investments.

What are the pros and cons of stock lending? ›

Cons
Pros and Cons of Share Lending
ProsCons
Potential to earn more revenueLack of SIPC protection
Allows investors to boost returns from dormant investmentsIncreased counterparty risk (the borrower may default)
Adds liquidity to short-seller marketYou're taxed at the marginal rate on payments in lieu of dividends
1 more row

Is loaning stocks a good idea? ›

For shareholders, stock lending offers a relatively low-risk way to earn extra returns on the stocks you already own. You maintain ownership of your stocks the whole time. If loaned stocks go up in value, those returns are still yours. If you decide to sell your stocks while they're loaned out, you can.

Is loan stock a debenture? ›

A debenture is a type of loan, but not all loans are debentures. Both are ways for a business to raise money from outside sources, but they operate in rather different ways - and, just to make things more complicated still, the ways these terms are used is different on both sides of the Atlantic.

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