You should deal with the most important debts first - these are called 'priority debts'.
Priority debts mean you could lose your home, have your energy supply cut off, lose essential goods or go to prison if you don't pay. They include things like:
rent and mortgage
gas and electricity
council tax
court fines
Check if you have any priority debtsbefore dealing with your credit debts.
If you’re struggling to pay debts like credit cards, store cards or payday loans you can ask to make lower monthly repayments. Paying less than it says you have to in your contract might make it harder for you to get credit in the future.
Coronavirus -if you’re struggling to pay your debts
You can check what to do if you can’t pay because of coronavirus.
You should normally only ask to make lower payments for non-priority debts. These include:
credit card and store card debts
payday loans and other unsecured personal loans
catalogue debts
overdrafts
You’ll need to contact the people or organisations you owe money to - these are your ‘creditors’. Write to your creditors to tell them you’re trying to sort out your debts. Ask them to:
stop asking you for payments while you work out what to do
stop adding interest and charges so the debt doesn't get any bigger
You can use our sample letter to write to them.
Work out what you can afford to pay
Work out a budget so you know how much you have left each month after paying your essential bills and priority debts. This is called ‘available income’.
Make sure you save a copy of your budget - you’ll need to refer to this later. You’ll also need to send a copy to your creditors when you ask to make lower payments. It will show them that what you’re offering to pay is fair.
Try and be as accurate as you can. Before you start, find your most recent:
bank statements
payslips
debit and credit card statements and bills
receipts for things you pay for in cash
Use a budgeting tool to work out your budget. You'll create a 'financial statement' - your creditor will know what this is.
If you need help working out a budget contact your nearest Citizens Advice.
If you can’t pay your non-priority debts
Write to your creditors if you’ve no money left each month after paying your essential bills and priority debts. Explain that you’re dealing with your debts and ask them to freeze interest and charges while you do this. This means that your debts won’t increase.
You can use our sample letter. You should also send a copy of your standard financial statement.
Get help from your nearest Citizens Advice. An adviser can help you look at other ways of paying off your debts.
Work out how much to pay each creditor
Check the ‘non-priority debt’ section of your standard financial statement. It will tell you how much to offer each creditor.
The amount each creditor gets depends on how much you owe - this is known as a ‘pro rata’ offer. It's a way of treating all your creditors equally. You must do this or they might refuse your offers.
You’ve got 2 debts - a credit card and a store card.
You owe twice as much on the credit card as you do on the store card, so your offer to the credit card company should be twice as much.
You have £90 left each month to pay off your debts.
| Creditor | Total debt | Your offer |
|---|---|---|
Creditor Credit card | Total debt £2,000 | Your offer £60 a month |
Creditor Store card | Total debt £1,000 | Your offer £30 a month |
Write to your creditors
Write to each creditor with your repayment offer and include a copy of your budget. This will show creditors you’re only spending money on essential living costs and that the offer you’re making is fair.
Make sure you:
explain why you're in debt - for example, because you've lost your job
say that you're sorting out the situation
explain how much you can afford to pay each week or month
ask them to freeze any interest and charges as long as you continue to pay the amounts you're suggesting
Use our sample letter to write to your creditors with your offers. Make sure you keep a copy of everything you send.
If a creditor asks you to pay more than your offer
Some creditors might ask you to pay more than you’re offering. Don’t agree to pay more than you can afford - you could end up getting in more debt.
Write to the creditor again and ask them to reconsider. Remember to include a copy of your financial statement.
If a creditor refuses your offer, start making payments anyway and let your creditor know you’re doing this.
If other creditors have agreed to your offers, tell the creditor this and point out that you’re treating all your creditors equally.
If a creditor still refuses your offer contact your nearest Citizens Advice for more help. An adviser can negotiate with your creditors or look at other ways of paying off your debts.
If a creditor won’t freeze interest on your debt
Your creditors don’t have to freeze the interest on your debts. They can refuse to do so, or lower the amount of interest instead of stopping it completely.
If this happens use the ‘freeze interest’ sample letter on the National Debtline website to write to them again.
The more interest you pay the longer it will take to pay your debts off. If your creditor won’t freeze interest on your debts contact your nearest Citizens Advice. An adviser can negotiate with your creditors or look at other ways of paying your debts.
Stay in touch with your creditors
You’re responsible for making the agreed repayments and for keeping your creditors up to date about your circ*mstances.
You should contact your creditors every few months to let them know your circ*mstances haven’t changed. This will show them you’re serious about dealing with your debt.
Your creditors can still take court action against you after you've agreed a repayment plan. Find out what to do if a creditor takes you to court for debt.
Even if you’ve agreed repayments with your creditors, there might be other ways you could deal with your debts. Check your options for getting out of debt.
