Research Guides: Wall Street and the Stock Exchanges: Historical Resources: Stock Exchanges (2024)

Research Guides: Wall Street and the Stock Exchanges: Historical Resources: Stock Exchanges (1)

Stock exchanges have a long history in the United States. In 1790, the Philadelphia Stock Exchange, originally named the Board of Brokers of Philadelphia, was founded. Two years later saw another big competitor—the New York Stock Exchange.

New York Stock Exchange

The history of the New York Stock Exchange External begins with the signing of the Buttonwood Agreement by twenty-four New York City stockbrokers and merchants on May 17, 1792, outside of 68 Wall Street under a Buttonwood tree. In the beginning there were five securities traded in New York City with the first listed company on the NYSE being the Bank of New York.

The 24 brokers who signed the agreement, thus becoming the first NYSE members, included individuals as well as firms like Armstrong & Barnewell (William Armstrong, George Barnewell). The full list is as follows:

  • Leonard Bleecker
  • Hugh Smith
  • Armstrong & Barnewall
  • Samuel March • Bernard Hart
  • Alexander Zuntz
  • Andrew D. Barclay
  • Isaac M. Gomez
  • Gulian McEvers
  • Augustine H. Lawrence
  • G. N. Bleecker
  • John Bush
  • Peter Anspach
  • Charles McEvers, Jr.
  • David Reedy
  • Robinson & Hartshorne
  • Sutton & Hardy
  • Benjamin Seixas
  • John Henry
  • John A. Hardenbrook
  • Samuel Beebe
  • Benjamin Winthrop
  • John Ferrers
  • Ephraim Hart

(Source: The NYSE Euronext Archived Web Site: History External)

American Stock Exchange

The American Stock Exchange (AMEX) got its start in the 1800's and was known as the "Curb Exchange" until 1921 because it met as a market at the curbstone on Broad Street near Exchange Place. Its founding date is generally considered as 1921 because this is the year when it moved into new quarters on Trinity. However, it wasn't until 1953 that it officially became the American Stock Exchange. Founded by the National Association of Securities Dealers, the NASDAQ began trading on February 8, 1971, as the world's first electronic stock market, trading for over 2,500 securities. In November 1998, the National Association of Security Dealers announced that the American Stock Exchange would merge with the National Association of Securities Dealers creating "The Nasdaq-Amex Market Group." However, the American Stock Exchange remained as an active exchange.

The twenty-first century brought more changes as shown in the timeline below.

2000NASDAQ becomes a for-profit company when the membership votes to restructure and spin it off into a shareholder-owned, for-profit company.
April 4, 2007NYSE Group and Euronext merged to become NYSE Euronext.
May 2007NASDAQ announced a transaction External to create global exchange and technology company with Swedish Offset Market Exchange (OMX).
November 7, 2007NASDAQ OMX acquires the Philadelphia Stock Exchange, External the oldest stock exchange in America.
October 1, 2008NYSE Euronext acquires the American Stock Exchange.
January 16, 2009NYSE Amex merger is complete.
December21,2012IntercontinentalExchange (ICE) announced it will buy NYSE Euronext. External
May 25, 2018Stacey Cunningham becomes thefirst female president of NYSE. External
January 7, 2019

A plan from several banks and brokerage houses was announced to launch Members Exchange External (MEMX) and Jonathan Kellner was later appointed as CEO.

Research Guides: Wall Street and the Stock Exchanges: Historical Resources: Stock Exchanges (2024)

FAQs

What is the history of the Wall Street stock exchange? ›

In 1792, NYSE acquires its first traded securities. In 1817, the constitution of the New York Stock and Exchange Board is adopted. It had also been established by the New York brokers as a formal organization. In 1863, the name changed to the New York Stock Exchange.

What was Wall Street exchange in history? ›

While Wall Street started as a street in lower Manhattan in the 17th century, today the term has come to mean more. Now it refers to the businesses directly related to stock exchanges and the financial markets, and even more broadly, big business and investing in the United States.

What are the two largest stock markets in the world _____ and the _____? ›

New York Stock Exchange in New York City, US, is the largest stock exchange in the world. Nasdaq in New York City, US, is the second-largest stock exchange in the world.

What are the 3 US stock exchanges? ›

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the Nasdaq Stock Market, and the Chicago Stock Exchange are the three largest stock exchanges in the United States. Each of these exchanges has its distinct features and selling aspects that set it apart from the others.

What is stock exchange in history? ›

Exchanges first began as moneylenders bought and sold debt. As stock trading evolved, the Philadelphia Stock Exchange became the first in the United States. As of 2024, the NYSE and Nasdaq are the largest exchanges globally, ranked by total market capitalization.

Who owns Wall Street stock exchange? ›

NYSE, NYSE MKT, and NYSE Amex Options are today owned by the Intercontinental Exchange. Intercontinental Exchange (NYSE:ICE) operates the leading network of regulated exchanges and clearing houses.

What is Wall Street history? ›

The street is narrow and short and extends only about seven blocks from Broadway to the East River. It was named for an earthen wall built by Dutch settlers in 1653 to repel an expected English invasion. Even before the American Civil War the street was recognized as the financial capital of the nation.

What is Wall Street best known for? ›

Wall Street consists of the largest stock exchanges, the largest financial firms, and employs thousands of people. As the trading hub of the world's biggest economy, Wall Street has an enduring impact not just on the American economy, but also on the global one.

What did the stock exchange do? ›

Stock exchanges are the lifeblood of modern capitalism, enabling capital allocation and providing a barometer for economic health. A stock exchange is a centralized location where investors can buy and sell equities. Various financial instruments are traded, including equities, bonds, and other securities.

What is the biggest stock exchange? ›

New York Stock Exchange. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is Established in 1792. The NYSE is the world's most valuable stock exchange by market capitalization and is found in New York City with companies representing many industries listed there.

Who is no. 1 in the share market? ›

With a market capitalisation of ₹19,91,203 crore (as on 19th February 2024), Reliance Industries Limited is the biggest stock in Indian markets.

Which country has the best stock exchange? ›

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the world's largest stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street, New York City, USA. NYSE has a market capitalisation of $26.2 trillion (world's biggest stock exchange) and has more than 2400 companies listed.

Who owns stock exchanges? ›

Most stock exchanges today are publicly-traded companies, although that wasn't always the case. Many were originally organized and controlled by their member market makers, traders, and brokers. Stock exchanges are not like other businesses.

Should younger people or older people be riskier when it comes to investment? ›

Key Takeaways. Investing for retirement is important but the strategy may need to change as you age. Younger investors can tolerate more risk, but they often have less income to invest. Those near retirement may have more money to invest, but less time to recover from losses.

Why can selling stocks help a company grow faster? ›

Companies sell shares typically to gain additional money to grow the company. This is called the initial public offering (IPO). After the IPO, stockholders can resell shares on the stock market. Stock prices rise or fall and are typically driven by expectations of the corporation's earnings, or profits.

What is the story behind Wall Street? ›

Wall Street is the name of a street in lower Manhattan that began life in the 17th century as the wall that formed the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement erected for defensive purposes. But Wall Street has come to be more than just a street.

What is the history of the US stock market? ›

The American Stock Exchange (AMEX) got its start in the 1800's and was known as the "Curb Exchange" until 1921 because it met as a market at the curbstone on Broad Street near Exchange Place. Its founding date is generally considered as 1921 because this is the year when it moved into new quarters on Trinity.

What caused the Wall Street stock market crash? ›

What caused the Wall Street crash of 1929? The main cause of the Wall Street crash of 1929 was the long period of speculation that preceded it, during which millions of people invested their savings or borrowed money to buy stocks, pushing prices to unsustainable levels.

Who started the US stock exchange? ›

The New York Stock Exchange traces its origins to the Buttonwood Agreement signed by 24 stockbrokers on May 17, 1792, as a response to the first financial panic in the young nation.

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