Risk Groups; Biosafety Levels – Laboratory Safety (2024)

Characteristics

Does not cause disease in healthy adults.

Can cause infection of varying severity. Rarely lethal. Can be controlled using standard laboratory practices.Agents associated with moderate to severe disease outcome. Can be lethal.Capable of causing severe disease with lethal outcome.Availability of TreatmentNot applicable.Treatment may be available or host immune system is capable of controlling the infection.Treatment may not be available.Treatment is generally not available. Experimental treatment regimens possible.Routes of TransmissionNot applicable.Ingestion, through the skin, and via facial mucous membranes.Same as Risk Group 2 plus inhalation.Same as Risk Group 3.Disease Severity to IndividualNone in healthy adults.Low to moderate.

Moderate to high.

Higher mortality and morbidity.

High.

Highest mortality rates in this category.

Community RiskLowLowLow to Moderate

High.

Perception risk also very high.

Infections DoseNot applicableGenerally high (variable)Lower doses capable of infection

Can be as low as

1 organism

Example AgentsNon-conjugative strains of E. coli, Sacchromyces cerevisiae.

Parasites (i.e. Plasmodium, Trypanosomes, Leishmania)

GI pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella)

Bloodborne Pathogens (HBV, HCV, Borrelia).

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, West Nile Virus, Yellow Fever Virus, Rickettsia rickettsi.Ebola virus, Marburg virus, Sabia virus, Equine Morbillivirus.Rule of Thumb**

Don’t Drink It!

Never eat, drink or smoke in the laboratory.

Don’t Touch It!

Wear gloves, decontaminate work surfaces, avoid touching your face, make sure wounds are covered, work in a BSC, wear eye protection, work behind a shield.

Don’t Breathe It!

Because of inhalation risk, perform all work inside of a biosafety cabinet. Wear respiratory protection if needed.

Don’t Do It!

Risk Group 4 agents require significant containment.

Risk Groups; Biosafety Levels – Laboratory Safety (2024)
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