If you own and work within your S-Corp, you’re often faced with some serious decisions. One of the greatest is how much to pay yourself and how much you can take as distributions. What is your value as an employee, and how much can you pull out as an owner?
Your pay as an owner will be a combination of salary matching your activity in the company and distributions exempt from self-employment taxes. Properly balancing the two could result in savings of thousands, while a misunderstanding could trigger an audit and penalties.
So, how do you balance what you should reasonably pay yourself while saving money on self-employment taxes?
The Right Ratio Between Salary and Distribution
If you look online, there are prevailing concepts of what a safe ratio to pay a founder is that supposedly balances salary and distribution. It’d be fabulous if it were that easy. Still, that ratio can be incredibly fluid based on where the company is in its lifespan, its industry, and what the financials and past actions represent for the company’s future.
There are many variables based on the company type and its growth expectations. Getting that salary amount correct based on so many factors is essential and has the potential for tremendous tax savings.
S Corp Distributions vs Salary
An S Corp shareholder is subject to tax standards based on the shareholder’s involvement or lack of involvement in the business. If the shareholder has even minimal involvement in the business and offers specific expertise that advances the company, it is essential to calculate what is a reasonable wage.
If a majority owner runs the company and has experience, education, and exceptional skills that are sought after, a reasonable salary versus distribution could be very difficult to establish.
In every situation of distribution vs salary, it all comes down to what specific services are offered by the owner, whether they are replaceable, and whether the salary is reasonable.
The savings can be substantial if the involved shareholder gets the reasonable compensation equation right.
If the shareholder works in the business and is paid a reasonable wage, employment taxes needn’t be paid on distributions.
Benefits of Paying Distributions
Distributions can be wonderful, especially for those who work within the business. Regardless, an S Corp is a pass-through entity, and all owners will receive a distribution when authorized by the board of directors that is commensurate with their percentage of ownership. The primary benefit for those active within the business is that they do not pay self-employment taxes on their distributions, which can total another 15.3% in taxes.[1]
Those owners taking a wage will pay half of the 15.3% of their salaries. The half paid by the company will also be a write-off as it goes against overall profits. Any amount given as a distribution above the owner’s salary will not be subject to employment taxes.