The difference between TCP/IP and OSI Model seems to be minor but by composition, features, functions and purpose, the two are extremely different. The difference between the two terms is also important from the IAS Exam perspective.
The TCP/IP or the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is a communication protocol suite using which network devices can be connected to the Internet. On the other hand, the Open Systems Interconnection or OSI Model is a conceptual framework, using which the functioning of a network can be described.
In this article, we bring to you a tabulated difference between the TCP/IP model and the OSI model. This will help candidates prepare themselves and upgrade their Computer Knowledge for the upcoming competitive exams.
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Difference Between TCP/IP and OSI Model PDF:-Download PDF Here
Candidates can also visit the links given below and learn more about the other important computer-related terms and applications for the UPSC exam:
| Fundamentals of Computer | Computer Abbreviations |
| Input and Output Devices | Microsoft Windows |
| Types of Computer | Computer Networks |
The image below sums up the difference between OSI and TCP/IP model.
TCP/IP vs OSI Model – Comparative Analysis
Given below is a tabulated comparison between the two models of networking, the TCP/IP and OSI model. Candidates must carefully go through the following key points of difference between the two.
| Difference between TCP/IP and OSI Model |
| TCP/IP | OSI Model |
| The full form of TCP/IP is Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol. | The full form of OSI is Open Systems Interconnection. |
| It is a communication protocol that is based on standard protocols and allows the connection of hosts over a network. | It is a structured model which deals which the functioning of a network. |
| In 1982, the TCP/IP model became the standard language of ARPANET. | In 1984, the OSI model was introduced by the International Organisation of Standardization (ISO). |
It comprises of four layers:- Network Interface
- Internet
- Transport
- Application
| It comprises seven layers:- Physical
- Data Link
- Network
- Transport
- Session
- Presentation
- Application
|
| It follows a horizontal approach. | It follows a vertical approach. |
| The TCP/IP is the implementation of the OSI Model. | An OSI Model is a reference model, based on which a network is created. |
| It is protocol-dependent. | It is protocol-independent. |
The above points of comparison display the difference between the TCP/IP and OSI models efficiently.
However, there are a few similarities between the two which are as mentioned below –
Similarities betweenthe TCP/IP and OSI models
- Both models are based on layered structuring.
- In both models, data are mainly used to convert raw data into packets and help them reach their destination node.
- In both models, protocols are defined in a layer-wise manner.
- The layers in the models are compared with each other. The physical layer and the data link layer of the OSI model correspond to the link layer of the TCP/IP model.
- The session layer, the presentation layer and the application layer of the OSI model together form the application layer of the TCP/IP model.
- The network layers and the transport layers are the same in both models.
It must also be known that the computer-based questions are asked in the Science and Technology part of the IAS syllabus. So, aspirants can also solve some sample Science and Technology MCQ for UPSC in the linked article.
Apart from the difference between TCP/IP and the OSI model, there are various other difference between articles which will enhance the Computer Awareness of the candidates. Below are links to a few such articles:
- Difference Between Search Engine and Web Browser
- Difference Between RAM and ROM
- Difference Between Hardware and Software
- Difference Between IPV4 and IPV 6
- Difference Between Firewall and Antivirus
- Difference Between WWW and Internet
- Difference Between Virus and Malware
- Difference Between Worm and Virus
To learn more and to get 100+ difference between articles from various subjects and fields included in the UPSC syllabus, candidates can visit the linked article.
Difference Between OSI and TCP/IP Model PDF:-Download PDF Here
Furthermore, to get the latest exam updates, the best study material and a suitable preparation strategy, candidates can visit BYJU’S.
Frequently Asked Questions on TCP/IP vs OSI Model
Q1
1. What is the main difference between TCP/IP and OSI Models?
TCP/IP Model is a communication protocols suite using which network devices can be connected to the Internet. On the other hand, the OSI Model is a conceptual framework using which the functioning of a network can be described.
Q2
2. TCP/IP vs OSI: What are the different layers?
The TCP/IP Model comprises four layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport and Application. The OSI Model comprises seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation and Application.
Q3
3. Is TCP/IP a part of the OSI Model?
There is a separate layer for Data Link and Physical in the OSI Model, whereas the TCP/IP has a single Network Interface layer for the same. Similarly, there are Application, Presentation and Session layers in OSI, which are combined into one layer (Application) for TCP/IP.
Q4
5. TCP/IP vs OSI: Which came first?
Among TCP/IP and OSI, the Open Systems Interconnection model was introduced by the International Organisation of Standardization in 1984, and the TCP/IP model was introduced about 10 years before that.
| Related Links |
| Important Computer-related Terms | Science and Technology Notes for UPSC |
| Web Browsers | Basics of Cloud Computing |
| Internet | Components of Computer |
FAQs
Key Difference Between TCP/IP and OSI Model. TCP/IP is a practical model that addresses specific communication challenges and relies on standardized protocols. In contrast, OSI serves as a comprehensive, protocol-independent framework designed to encompass various network communication methods.
What is the difference between OSI model and TCP/IP? ›
The OSI model provides standardization to devices like routers, switches, motherboards, and other hardware devices. The TCP/IP model does not provide standardization to the devices, however, it gives a connection between different computers. Check this article on Computer Abbreviations.
What is the difference between the OSI and TCP IP models quizlet? ›
Whereas the TCP/IP model layers are referred to only by name, the seven OSI model layers are more often referred to by number rather than by name. For instance, the physical layer is referred to as Layer 1 of the OSI model.
Why is the TCP/IP model more reliable than the OSI model? ›
TCP/IP model is also more adaptable and scalable, as it can handle different network architectures, topologies, and technologies. TCP/IP model is also easier to implement and maintain, as it has fewer layers and rules than OSI model.
What is the difference between TCP and IP model? ›
IP obtains and defines the address—the IP address—of the application or device the data must be sent to. TCP is then responsible for transporting and routing data through the network architecture and ensuring it gets delivered to the destination application or device that IP has defined.
Does TCP/IP have 4 or 5 layers? ›
4 The TCP/IP Protocol Stack is made up of four primary layers: the Application, Transport, Network, and Link layers (Diagram 1). Each layer within the TCP/IP protocol suite has a specific function. When the layers of the model are combined and transmitted, communication between systems can occur.
What is the difference between OSI and TCP/IP model pdf? ›
The OSI model is a generic one based on the functions of each layer. TCP/IP, on the other hand, is a protocol-based model. A reference model is used for clear communication where a clearly defined and interlinked set of concepts are mentioned.
What layer of the TCP IP is part of the TCP? ›
TCP/IP is a two-layer protocol, with the transport layer (TCP) responsible for reliable end-to-end communication and the Internet layer (IP) accountable for routing packets from the host to the host. At the transport layer, TCP provides a reliable byte-stream service to applications.
When comparing the TCP/IP and OSI 7 layer reference model as sets of protocols? ›
Other important differences: TCP/IP is a functional model designed to solve specific communication problems, and which is based on specific, standard protocols. OSI is a generic, protocol-independent model intended to describe all forms of network communication.
What layers of the OSI model are incorporated into the TCP/IP application layer? ›
model is found at the TCP/IP stack's application layer. This layer addresses concepts described by Layers 5, 6, and 7 (the session, presentation, and application layers) of the OSI model. Application layer protocols in the TCP/IP stack are identifiable by unique port numbers .
One reason that OSI failed was that it attempted to standardize everything. With little operational experience to guide them, the standardization groups added more and more features. The early Internet was much more pragmatic.
Why is TCP/IP still used today? ›
It ensures a reliable and orderly delivery of packets across networks. TCP is a higher-level smart communications protocol that still uses IP as a way to transport data packets, but it also connects computers, applications, web pages and web servers.
Is the OSI model still used? ›
Today, the OSI model is primarily used as a reference model to teach computer professionals the basics of computer networking.
What is the basic difference between TCP IP and OSI model? ›
Key Difference Between TCP/IP and OSI Model. TCP/IP is a practical model that addresses specific communication challenges and relies on standardized protocols. In contrast, OSI serves as a comprehensive, protocol-independent framework designed to encompass various network communication methods.
What are the disadvantages of TCP IP model? ›
Disadvantages: Rigidity: The TCP/IP model is closely tied to its underlying protocols, making it less adaptable to new technologies that don't fit its structure.
How many layers are in an OSI model? ›
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a conceptual framework that divides network communications functions into seven layers. Sending data over a network is complex because various hardware and software technologies must work cohesively across geographical and political boundaries.
Which layer of the OSI model is the TCP IP model used in? ›
The internet layer of the TCP/IP model maps directly to the network layer of the OSI model. The last two layers of the OSI model map to the network layer of the TCP/IP model. TCP/IP is the most widely used model as compared to the OSI model for providing communication between computers over the internet.
What are the 7 layers of an OSI model? ›
7 Layers of OSI Model
- #1. The Physical Layer. The physical layer is where the raw bitstream is physically transmitted over a physical medium. ...
- #2. The Data Link Layer. ...
- #3. The Network Layer. ...
- #4. The Transport Layer. ...
- #5. The Session Layer. ...
- #6. The Presentation Layer. ...
- #7. The Application Layer.
One reason that OSI failed was that it attempted to standardize everything. With little operational experience to guide them, the standardization groups added more and more features. The early Internet was much more pragmatic.
