The Naturalization Interview and Test (2024)

During your naturalization interview, a USCIS officer will ask you questions about your application and background. Unless you qualify for an exemption, you will also take a naturalization test which is made up of two components, an English and civics test.

  • During the English test, you must demonstrate an understanding of the English language including the ability to read, write, and speak basic English.
  • During the civics test, you will answer important questions about American government and history.

The Naturalization Interview and Test video series provides an overview of the naturalization interview and test process (Episode 1: Preparing for the Naturalization Interview and Test above). The video series continues to explore the naturalization interview and test inEpisode 2(The Naturalization Interview),Episode 3(The Civics Test) andEpisode 4(The Reading and Writing Test).

See below to learn more about the naturalization test and the free study materials and resourcesavailable to help you prepare.

English Test

Speaking

Your ability to speak and understand English will be determined by a USCIS officer during your eligibility interview on Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.

Reading

You must read aloud one out of three sentences correctly to demonstrate an ability to read in English. The Reading Test Vocabulary Listwill help you study for the English reading portion of the naturalization test. The content focuses on civics and history topics.

Writing

You must write one out of three sentences correctly to demonstrate an ability to write in English. The Writing Test Vocabulary List will help you study for the English writing portion of the naturalization test. The content focuses on civics and history topics.

Visit our Study for the Test(2008 version)page and search for "English" test materials.

Civics Test

2008 Version
The 2008 version of the civics test is an oral test, and the USCIS officer will ask youup to 10 questions from the list of 100 civics test questions. You must answer 6 questions correctly to pass the 2008 version of the civics test.

  • Applicants who filed their Form N-400 before December 1, 2020, will continue to take the 2008 civics test at initial exam, re-exam, or N-336 hearing.
  • Applicants who file their Form N-400 on or after March 1, 2021 will also take the 2008 civics test at initial exam, re-exam, or N-336 hearing.

Exceptions from English and Civics Requirements

For information on exceptions or modifications to the English and civics requirements for naturalization, visit ourExceptions and Accommodationspage.

If You Don't Pass

You will be given two attemptsto take the English and civics tests and to answer all questions relating to your naturalization application in English.If you fail any of the tests at your initial interview, you will be retested on the portion of the test that you failed (English or civics) between 60 and 90 days from the date of your initial interview.See 8 CFR 312.5(a) and 335.3(b).

Note: Due to recent policy changes, some applicants for naturalization may have the choice to take the 2008 or 2020 version of the civics test at their re-exam. Visit the 2020 version of the civics test page to learn more. See also the USCIS Policy Manual Volume 12, Part E, English and Civics Testing and Exceptions, Chapter 2, English and Civics Testing.

Additional Resources

The Naturalization Interview and Test (2024)

FAQs

Do you need to give all possible answers on the civics test for naturalization? ›

An applicant must answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly to pass the civics portion of the naturalization test. On the naturalization test, some answers may change because of elections or appointments. As you study for the test, make sure that you know the most current answers to these questions.

What is the hardest question to answer on the citizenship test? ›

Arguably the hardest question on the U.S. citizenship test is number 67: The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. This answer is unknown to even most American citizens because the Federalist Party ceased to exist back in 1824.

Is it hard to pass a US citizenship interview? ›

The diagram below shows that 95.7% of all applicants pass the naturalization test. In fiscal year 2022, over 88% passed it during the initial interview, and another 7% of all applicants passed during a re-exam.

How many questions can you get wrong on the naturalization test? ›

There are 100 civics questions on the naturalization test. During your naturalization interview, you will be asked up to 10 questions from the list of 100 questions. You must answer correctly 6 of the 10 questions to pass the civics test. You have two opportunities to take the English and civics tests per application.

How long is the naturalization interview? ›

It should take between 10 to 30 minutes from start to finish. It will likely take you longer to get through security, check in, and be called for your case. For more information about the U.S. Citizenship interview please read our article: ” 10 Things USCIS Checks at Your Citizenship Interview”.

What is the 50/20 rule for citizenship? ›

You are exempt from the English language requirement, but are still required to take the civics test if you are: Age 50 or older at the time of filing for naturalization and have lived as a permanent resident (Green Card holder) in the United States for 20 years (commonly referred to as the “50/20” exception).

Is the U.S. naturalization test hard? ›

The test is not difficult, although a few of the questions are more ambiguous than the government realizes. How difficult is the U.S. citizenship test? They give you all of the possible questions (120) with acceptable answers..

What is the most questions asked in is citizenship interview? ›

BASIC PERSONAL INFORMATION
  • What is your name?
  • Have you used any other names?
  • Do you want to legally change your name?
  • When is your birthday?
  • Where were you born?
  • What is your race?
  • Are you Hispanic or Latino?

How many U.S. citizens fail the citizenship test? ›

Only 1 in 3 Americans can pass the citizenship test.

Can citizenship be denied after passing interview? ›

If you received a notice stating that your N-400 was denied after the interview, this means that the USCIS officer has found you ineligible for naturalization. The USCIS policy manual on naturalization lists nine grounds that the USCIS officer may deny your application.

Which state is easy to get US citizenship? ›

The top four states with the largest population of lawful permanent residents eligible to become U.S. citizens are California, New York, Texas, and Florida. The Biden administration has made huge progress in streamlining the application process and making it more efficient.

What happens if I fail naturalization interview? ›

If an applicant fails any portion of the English test, the civics test, or all tests during the initial naturalization examination, USCIS reschedules the applicant to appear for a second examination between 60 and 90 days after the initial examination.

What is a big reason applicants fail the naturalization test? ›

Insufficient Knowledge of English and Civics

Failing the literacy or civics exam leads to automatic denial of citizenship applications. However, those denied have alternative options. You can retake failed tests by filing a new Form N-400 application.

Do they take your green card at the citizenship interview? ›

Being Interviewed

Bring state-issued identification, Permanent Resident Card, and any additional documents specific to your case. Answer questions about your application and background.

How to pass the naturalization test? ›

To pass this component of the citizenship test, you must be able to demonstrate sufficient knowledge and understanding of U.S. history and government, by answering at least six out of 10 questions correctly.

What are the civics requirements for naturalization? ›

Civics Component

To pass this component of the citizenship test, you must be able to demonstrate sufficient knowledge and understanding of U.S. history and government, by answering at least six out of 10 questions correctly.

What happens if you fail the civics test for naturalization? ›

If an applicant fails any portion of the English test, the civics test, or all tests during the initial naturalization examination, USCIS reschedules the applicant to appear for a second examination between 60 and 90 days after the initial examination.

What are the exemptions for the civics test for naturalization? ›

These exemptions are based on age, physical or developmental disabilities, or medical conditions that prevent an individual from learning or demonstrating knowledge of U.S. history and government. If you qualify for an exemption to the civics test requirement, you will still need to be interviewed by a USCIS officer.

What is the minimum score needed to pass the civics portion of the naturalization test? ›

The USCIS officer will ask you up to 10 questions from the list of 100 civics test questions. You must answer 6 questions correctly to pass the civics test.

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