The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments - BRI Wealth Management (2024)

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The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments - BRI Wealth Management (1)

The differences between passive and active management start with an investment index, or benchmark, such as the S&P 500.

The differences between passive and active management start with an investment index, or benchmark, such as the S&P 500.

The manager of a passive mutual fund or exchange traded fund (ETF) will seek to achieve the return of a particular index, before expenses – nothing more, nothing less. Typically, passive funds own most of the same securities, and in the same weightings, as their respective indices. Passive fund managers make no active decisions, potentially resulting in less trading – which reduces fund expenses as well as potential taxable distributions to shareholders. The performance of a passive fund should mirror the index it’s tracking, which means that the fund will share both the ups and the downs of the index.

This type of simplicity means that many investors feel more comfortable with passive funds as they know what they’re getting – an investment that tries to follow an index. However, a risk of passive investing is concentration. Although markets contain a wide range of companies, they are concentrated towards the very largest. In some cases indices are over-exposed to one or a small number of stocks or sectors that have a large impact on performance. For example, in the 1990s, technology and telecoms stocks became a large part of the FTSE 100; index funds benefited from their growth until their subsequent spectacular decline; financials then became dominant; and then mining shares featured heavily.

In contrast, an active manager will seek to outperform an index by achieving higher returns or taking lower risk, or by combining these two techniques. Because active fund managers choose investments, they have the potential to outperform the market on the upside and limit losses when the market declines, relative to the index. They seek to do this by using their knowledge and skill to analyse the market (hence the higher fees). Then they buy shares (equities) which they believe are presently undervalued, and so have potential to increase in price – or pay increased dividends – over time. This process is known as stock-picking. Managers can also adjust their portfolios to minimise potential losses. However, there is no guarantee that actively managed funds will outperform the index.

Pros of Passive Investments

  • Likely to perform close to index
  • Generally lower fees
  • Typically more tax-efficient
  • Simplicity: investors know what they are getting

Cons ofPassive Investments

  • Unlikely to outperform index
  • Participate in all of index downside
  • Buy/sell decisions based on index, not research

Pros of Active Investments

  • Opportunity to outperform index
  • Potential for limiting the downside
  • Buy/sell decisions based on research

Cons of Active Investments

  • Potential to underperform index
  • Generally higher fees
  • Typically less tax-efficient
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The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments - BRI Wealth Management (2)
The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments - BRI Wealth Management (3)
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The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments - BRI Wealth Management (2024)

FAQs

The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments - BRI Wealth Management? ›

Passive investing targets strong returns in the long term by minimizing the amount of buying and selling, but it is unlikely to beat the market and result in outsized returns in the short term. Active investment can bring those bigger returns, but it also comes with greater risks than passive investment.

What are the pros and cons of active and passive investing? ›

Passive investing targets strong returns in the long term by minimizing the amount of buying and selling, but it is unlikely to beat the market and result in outsized returns in the short term. Active investment can bring those bigger returns, but it also comes with greater risks than passive investment.

What are the 3 disadvantages of active investment? ›

Cons
  • *Market underperformance. Many managers do not add any value to a portfolio versus a passive fund – and may even provide worse investment returns. ...
  • Fund management fees. Active funds typically have higher ongoing fund management fees. ...
  • Some fund managers are closet trackers.
Nov 3, 2020

What is the difference between active and passive investment strategies? ›

Investment strategy The difference between active and passive investing. Active investing seeks to outperform – or “beat” – the benchmark index, while passive investing seeks to track the benchmark index.

What are the cons of active management? ›

Disadvantages of Active Management

Actively managed funds generally have higher fees and are less tax-efficient than passively managed funds. The investor is paying for the sustained efforts of investment advisers who specialize in active investment, and for the potential for higher returns than the markets as a whole.

What are the advantages of active and passive? ›

You can use a mix of active and passive voice to provide clarity and reduce redundancy. When writing out long and detailed explanations, only using active voice can start to sound redundant and robotic.

Why is passive better than active? ›

Lower Costs

With passive investing, there's no active management required which means that they come with substantially lower fees and expenses compared to actively managed funds.

What are the pros and cons of active active vs active passive? ›

Active-active offers unparalleled scalability and fault tolerance, making it ideal for applications demanding continuous high performance. On the other hand, active-passive, with its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, suits scenarios where reliability and failover efficiency are paramount.

What is the advantage of active investment? ›

Flexibility. Active managers can buy stocks that may be undervalued and underappreciated in the general market. They can quickly divest themselves of underperforming stocks when the risks become too high. They can choose not to invest during certain periods and wait for good opportunities to buy.

What are the pros and cons of investing? ›

Investing in stocks offers the potential for substantial returns, income through dividends and portfolio diversification. However, it also comes with risks, including market volatility, tax bills as well as the need for time and expertise.

Which is best, active or passive investing? ›

For example, when the market is volatile or the economy is weakening, active managers may outperform more often than when it is not. Conversely, when specific securities within the market are moving in unison or equity valuations are more uniform, passive strategies may be the better way to go.

What are the risks of passive investing? ›

Once that decision has been made, there may be reasons for adopting passive investment approaches, but investors should realise that they may face unforeseen risks. These include undesirable concentrations of stocks, systemic risk and buying at too high valuations.

What is the difference between actively and passively managed investments? ›

In general terms, active management refers to mutual funds that are actively managed by a portfolio manager. Passive management typically refers to funds that simply mirror the composition and performance of a specific index, such as the S&P 500® Index.

What are the pros and cons of passive investing? ›

The Pros and Cons of Active and Passive Investments
  • Pros of Passive Investments. •Likely to perform close to index. •Generally lower fees. ...
  • Cons of Passive Investments. •Unlikely to outperform index. ...
  • Pros of Active Investments. •Opportunity to outperform index. ...
  • Cons of Active Investments. •Potential to underperform index.

What are the disadvantages of active investing? ›

Disadvantages of active investing

Big money trades the markets and has a lot of expertise. Most active traders don't beat the market. It's so tough to be an active trader that the benchmark for doing well is beating the market.

What are the advantages of active management strategy? ›

Ten reasons to choose active management
  • Exploit market inefficiency. ...
  • Niche market advantages. ...
  • Better resource allocation. ...
  • Stewardship. ...
  • Higher returns. ...
  • Value for money. ...
  • Risk management. ...
  • Flexibility.

What are the pros and cons of active and passive listening? ›

Passive listening can erode trust and respect by signaling a lack of interest in the needs and concerns of the team. Active listening, on the other hand, demonstrates respect, empathy, and a genuine interest in understanding and valuing others' perspectives.

What are the pros and cons of passive real estate investing? ›

Types of Passive Real Estate Investment
  • Pros: Liquidity, diversification, and regular income through dividends.
  • Cons: Lower control over investment choices, subject to market volatility3.
Jan 23, 2024

What are the pros and cons of passive design? ›

Energy savings of over 90% are possible, but meeting the Passivhaus standard can have a very high cost in places with extreme temperatures. Owners must weigh utility savings against construction costs, and decide if the return on investment is attractive.

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