What is ray tracing? (2024)

1. What is ray tracing?

In the simplest of definitions, ray tracing is a rendering technique that can produce incredibly realistic lighting effects. It's essentially an advanced and lifelike way of rendering light and shadows in a scene.

An algorithm traces the path of a light source and simulates how that light interacts with other objects it hits, including the production of shadows and relections. It also allows for more realistic translucence and scattering effects.

2. Why is ray tracing important?

Support for ray tracing is relatively recent, and not yet widespread, because of the computing resources required to simulate realistic lighting, as the algorithm must calculate where light interacts with virtual objects and calculate the interactions and interplay in the same way as the human eye would process light, shadows, and reflections in real life.

Before ray tracing was used in gaming, a process known as rasterization was popular. This turns 3D graphics into 2D pixels to display on your screen, and uses shaders to display realistic lighting.

3. Why isn't ray tracing more widespread?

Ray tracing is extensively used in movies and TV shows that feature CGI, as the production companies can use entire server farms or cloud computing to perform the necessary computations for developing computer graphics imagery.

However, video games have only recently been able to take advantage of it due to advances in PC gaming; and even now there are certain limitations, as it's far too taxing for current graphics cards to pull off a fully ray-traced game in the same vein as movie and TV show CGI.

But graphics cards, especially Nvidia's GeForce RTX line, have been advancing at a rapid rate, and can perform more computations.

4. Which graphics cards support ray tracing?

Generally speaking, if you want a graphics card that supports ray tracing and will still give you a solid frame rate and well-rounded performance, then at the least, the Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 Ti and AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT and higher will deliver, while maintaining at least 40fps, depending on the game.

But if you want superior ray-tracing performance, investing in the current-gen RTX 4000-series or the RX 7000-series is a smart bet. This ensures that the graphics card is powerful enough to handle the algorithms needed to generate beautiful lighting effects while still maintaining a high frame rate.