What is Spatial Arbitrage? | IIFL Knowledge Center (2024)

The primary goal of every investor in the financial market is to earn a hefty return on investment. Stocks, bonds, commodities, derivatives, etc, are some of the asset classes investors use to trade, diversify, and hedge. However, there are various trading techniques to utilize the profit margin at its highest. One such technique is Spatial arbitrage.

But to understand Spatial arbitrage, it is important to learn about Arbitrage in general.

What is Arbitrage?

Various assets are traded in high volume across different exchanges in India. However, due to market inefficiencies and differential demand-supply, the price of the asset classes may vary across platforms. For example, you may have noticed that the shares of a particular company have a different prices on the National Stock Exchange and the Bombay Stock Exchange. When this happens, investors see profit potential.

Arbitrage is the simultaneous buying and selling of any of the securities, such as stock, commodities, bonds, currencies, etc., in different markets to profit from the price difference. These investors, called arbitrageurs, research the price difference and buy the security from one market at a lower price and sell it in another market where the price is high.

There are types of Arbitrage, such as Merger Arbitrage, Regulatory Arbitrage, and more. One of the most widely used types is Spatial Arbitrage.

What is Spatial Arbitrage?

This is when an arbitrageur uses geographical factors to buy an asset from an area and sell it at a different place at a higher price. For example, if crude oil prices are low in Delhi, an arbitrageur can buy it there and sell it at a place such as Chennai if the prices of crude oil there are higher.

What are the three conditions for Arbitrage?

Arbitrage is possible under the following three conditions:

  • The assets should be the same, which are trading in different markets. If the asset does not trade in both markets, arbitrage is not possible.
  • Assets that are trading in various markets should have the same cash flow. For example, if a bond is Rs 10,000 in one market and Rs 9,500 in another but pays the same interest of 5%, there is an arbitrage opportunity.
  • If an asset is trading at a discount from a predetermined future price about its risk-free interest rate, there is a possibility for arbitrage. For example, if a company is to be acquired at Rs 15 per share at a future date, but its shares are trading at Rs 10 today, arbitrage is possible under such a situation.

What are Arbitrage strategies?

Here are some of the Arbitrage strategies you can use to ensure you earn profits:

Arbitrage and its types have the power to increase your profits and diversity within your chosen asset class. As the market always presents some type of inefficiencies, you can research and buy cheap assets and sell where the prices are high. However, it is always wise to limit your risk exposure and ensure you buy assets smartly.

  • Consult an experienced financial advisor such as IIFL to understand the process, legality, and taxability of Arbitrage.
  • Learn and understand every type of Arbitrage before you choose your preferred technique.
  • Perform extensive research before buying an asset and keep a potential buyer ready beforehand to sell the asset.
  • It is wise not to buy multiple assets simultaneously and buy one only after you have sold the previous.

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Frequently Asked Questions Expand All

Understanding Spatial Arbitrage

Spatial Arbitrage takes geological factors into consideration where investors buy assets at a place where they are cheap and sell at a place where the prices are high. In this way, investors make profits because of the price difference.

What is Spatial Arbitrage? | IIFL Knowledge Center (2024)

FAQs

What is Spatial Arbitrage? | IIFL Knowledge Center? ›

This is when an arbitrageur uses geographical factors to buy an asset from an area and sell it at a different place at a higher price.

Does arbitrage trading work? ›

Arbitrage can be used whenever any commodity, stock, or currency may be purchased in one market at a given price and simultaneously sold in another market at a higher price. The situation creates an opportunity for a risk-free profit for the trader.

What are the risks of arbitrage trading? ›

The investor in risk arbitrage is exposed to the major risk that the deal is called off or rejected by regulators. The deal may be called off for other reasons, such as financial instability of either company or a tax situation that the acquiring company deems unfavorable.

Is arbitrage good or bad? ›

Arbitrage, at its core, is important for narrowing the price differences between identical or similar assets — typically stocks, commodities and currencies. Arbitrage helps to make the financial markets more efficient by eliminating price differences. Investors can benefit from this by achieving low-risk yields.

What is an example of arbitrage? ›

An example of arbitrage is when somebody buys a stock on one exchange for ten dollars and immediately sells it on another exchange for eleven dollars. The person has made a profit of one dollar without having to put any money at risk. This is possible because the two exchanges had different prices for the same stock.

Can you lose with arbitrage? ›

One of the primary risks in arbitrage trading is market risk, which refers to the possibility of losing money due to sudden fluctuations in commodity prices.. Crypto arbitrage trading is a great option for investors looking to make high-frequency trades with very low-risk returns.

Is arbitrage a good way to make money? ›

Whether you are a complete beginner or have been selling on Amazon for years, online arbitrage is a fantastic way to make some money online. Now, don't just limit yourself to sourcing products online. You can still find great resale opportunities in-store.

How much can you make arbitrage trading? ›

Arbitrage Trader Salary
Annual SalaryMonthly Pay
Top Earners$185,000$15,416
75th Percentile$105,500$8,791
Average$96,774$8,064
25th Percentile$56,500$4,708

Is arbitrage trading taxable? ›

Arbitrage trading taxes

Arbitrage trading takes advantage of potential inefficiencies in crypto markets, with profits taxed at a capital gains tax level for investors in the US.

Can there be loss in arbitrage? ›

In this setting, an investor could make arbitrage profits with certainty if he could hold the position until conver- gence at maturity. In the short run, however, the arbitrage may widen and force the investor to liquidate positions at a loss.

Is arbitrage illegal in the US? ›

Arbitrage trading is not only legal in the United States, but is encouraged, as it contributes to market efficiency. Furthermore, arbitrageurs also serve a useful purpose by acting as intermediaries, providing liquidity in different markets.

Is arbitrage legal or not? ›

Arbitrage trades are not illegal, but they are risky. Arbitrage is the act of taking advantage of a discrepancy between two almost identical financial instruments. These are typically traded on different financial markets or exchanges. It happens by buying and selling for a higher price somewhere else simultaneously.

Is arbitrage the same as flipping? ›

Arbitrage – whether online or retail – is essentially the same as flipping. Retail arbitrage is when you buy items from local stores and retail shops to flip on Amazon for a profit.

What is spatial arbitrage? ›

Spatial arbitrage involves exploiting price differences for the same asset in different geographic locations.

What is the most common arbitrage? ›

The example of risk arbitrage we saw above demonstrates takeover and merger arbitrage, and it is probably the most common type of arbitrage. It typically involves locating an undervalued company that has been targeted by another company for a takeover bid.

Is Bitcoin an arbitrage? ›

This arbitrage strategy, also known as cross-exchange arbitrage, is the most common method designed on a principle where a trader buys crypto coins at a lower price from one exchange and sells them at a higher price at another exchange.

How much do arbitrage traders make? ›

Arbitrage Trader Salary
Annual SalaryMonthly Pay
Top Earners$185,000$15,416
75th Percentile$105,500$8,791
Average$96,774$8,064
25th Percentile$56,500$4,708

Is trading arbitrage illegal? ›

Arbitrage trading is not only legal in the United States, but is encouraged, as it contributes to market efficiency. Furthermore, arbitrageurs also serve a useful purpose by acting as intermediaries, providing liquidity in different markets.

How much does it cost to start arbitrage? ›

Share On: Airbnb arbitrage startup costs vary widely but typically range from $5,000 to $10,000. Key expenses include furniture, decor, first and last month's rent, and security deposits.

Is arbitrage guaranteed profit? ›

Arbitrage betting, also known as arbing, is a gambling tactic where bettors place simultaneous bets on all possible outcomes of a sporting event, ensuring a guaranteed profit no matter the outcome.

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